The increasing burden of depression.
The increasing burden of depression.
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DOI：
10.2147/ndt.s19617
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Briley M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lépine JP;Briley M
最近在一般人群中进行的流行病学调查发现，抑郁症的终生患病率在10%至15%之间。根据世界精神卫生和精神疾病诊断和统计手册第4版的定义，心境障碍的12个月患病率从日本的3%到美国的9%以上不等。美国最近的一项调查发现，目前抑郁症的患病率为9%，目前重度抑郁症的患病率为3.4%。所有关于抑郁症的研究都强调了与抑郁症相关的死亡率和发病率的重要性。抑郁症患者自杀的死亡风险比一般人群高出20倍以上。最近的研究也表明抑郁症作为心血管死亡的危险因素的重要性。抑郁症患者首次心肌梗死后心源性死亡的风险更高，且与抑郁发作的严重程度相关。研究发现，抑郁症状的严重程度越高，全因死亡率（包括心血管死亡和中风）的风险越高。除了死亡率，与抑郁症相关的功能障碍和残疾也一直有报道。抑郁症增加了工作场所生产力下降和缺勤的风险，导致收入下降或失业。据估计，缺勤和出勤（身体在工作中，但功能不佳）每年在美国造成366亿美元的损失。世界卫生组织对2030年的全球预测确定，单极重性抑郁症是疾病负担的主要原因。本文简要概述了抑郁症如何影响受试者的生活质量，也是抑郁症患者家庭和社会的巨大负担。
Recent epidemiological surveys conducted in general populations have found that the lifetime prevalence of depression is in the range of 10% to 15%. Mood disorders, as defined by the World Mental Health and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, have a 12-month prevalence which varies from 3% in Japan to over 9% in the US. A recent American survey found the prevalence of current depression to be 9% and the rate of current major depression to be 3.4%. All studies of depressive disorders have stressed the importance of the mortality and morbidity associated with depression. The mortality risk for suicide in depressed patients is more than 20-fold greater than in the general population. Recent studies have also shown the importance of depression as a risk factor for cardiovascular death. The risk of cardiac mortality after an initial myocardial infarction is greater in patients with depression and related to the severity of the depressive episode. Greater severity of depressive symptoms has been found to be associated with significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality including cardiovascular death and stroke. In addition to mortality, functional impairment and disability associated with depression have been consistently reported. Depression increases the risk of decreased workplace productivity and absenteeism resulting in lowered income or unemployment. Absenteeism and presenteeism (being physically present at work but functioning suboptimally) have been estimated to result in a loss of $36.6 billion per year in the US. Worldwide projections by the World Health Organization for the year 2030 identify unipolar major depression as the leading cause of disease burden. This article is a brief overview of how depression affects the quality of life of the subject and is also a huge burden for both the family of the depressed patient and for society at large.