Human islets contain four distinct subtypes of β cells.
Human islets contain four distinct subtypes of β cells.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms11756
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发表时间：
2016-07-11
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Grompe M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dorrell C;Schug J;Canaday PS;Russ HA;Tarlow BD;Grompe MT;Horton T;Hebrok M;Streeter PR;Kaestner KH;Grompe M
人类胰岛含有五种不同的内分泌细胞类型，每种细胞产生一种特征性激素。产生胰岛素的β细胞的功能障碍或丧失导致糖尿病，这是一种危害数百万人的疾病。到目前为止，β细胞通常被认为是单一的、同质的细胞群。在这里，我们鉴定了四种抗原性不同的人β细胞亚型，我们将其称为β1-4，并且通过ST 8 SIA 1和CD 9的差异表达来区分。这些亚群总是存在于正常成人胰岛中，并且具有不同的基因表达谱和不同的基础和葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌。重要的是，β细胞亚型分布在2型糖尿病中发生了深刻的改变。这些数据表明，这种抗原定义的β细胞异质性在功能上和可能的医学相关性。 胰腺中分泌胰岛素的β细胞功能障碍或丧失是糖尿病的标志。在这里，Dorrell等人鉴定了人类β细胞的四个亚群，它们在基因表达和胰岛素分泌动力学方面不同，并且其丰度在2型糖尿病患者中改变。
Human pancreatic islets of Langerhans contain five distinct endocrine cell types, each producing a characteristic hormone. The dysfunction or loss of the insulin-producing β cells causes diabetes mellitus, a disease that harms millions. Until now, β cells were generally regarded as a single, homogenous cell population. Here we identify four antigenically distinct subtypes of human β cells, which we refer to as β1–4, and which are distinguished by differential expression of ST8SIA1 and CD9. These subpopulations are always present in normal adult islets and have diverse gene expression profiles and distinct basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Importantly, the β cell subtype distribution is profoundly altered in type 2 diabetes. These data suggest that this antigenically defined β cell heterogeneity is functionally and likely medically relevant. Dysfunction or loss of insulin-secreting β cells in the pancreas is a hallmark of diabetes. Here, Dorrell et al. identify four subpopulations of β cells in humans, which differ in gene expression and insulin secretion kinetics, and the abundance of which is altered in patients with type 2 diabetes.