Diversified Floral Resource Plantings Support Bee Communities after Apple Bloom in Commercial Orchards
Diversified Floral Resource Plantings Support Bee Communities after Apple Bloom in Commercial Orchards
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-52601-y
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发表时间：
2019-11-21
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Biddinger, David J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heller, Sarah;Joshi, Neelendra K.;Biddinger, David J.
由各种开花植物物种组成的自然栖息地为传粉物种和其他有益的节肢动物提供食物和筑巢资源。在农业地区和其他人类改变的景观中，这种栖息地的丧失可能是最近蜜蜂数量下降的一个因素。种植植物可以弥补这些损失。进行了一项为期多年、长达一个季节的实地研究，以研究商业苹果园附近的野花种植如何影响蜜蜂群落。我们研究了蜜蜂的丰度，物种丰富度，多样性和物种组合的花卉种植和毗邻的苹果园。我们还研究了蜜蜂群落的子集，如已知的树果传粉者，罕见的传粉者物种，并在苹果开花期间收集的蜜蜂。本研究共采集蜜蜂138种，其中花卉园蜜蜂100种，苹果园蜜蜂116种。苹果园与花卉园稀有蜂种的发生率差异不显著。在苹果开花期间，已知的树果传粉者更频繁地被捕获的果园比花卉种植。然而，苹果开花后，丰富的已知树果授粉蜜蜂显着增加的花卉种植，表明花卉种植提供额外的食物和筑巢资源时，苹果花不可用。
Natural habitats, comprised of various flowering plant species, provide food and nesting resources for pollinator species and other beneficial arthropods. Loss of such habitats in agricultural regions and in other human-modified landscapes could be a factor in recent bee declines. Artificially established floral plantings may offset these losses. A multi-year, season-long field study was conducted to examine how wildflower plantings near commercial apple orchards influenced bee communities. We examined bee abundance, species richness, diversity, and species assemblages in both the floral plantings and adjoining apple orchards. We also examined bee community subsets, such as known tree fruit pollinators, rare pollinator species, and bees collected during apple bloom. During this study, a total of 138 species of bees were collected, which included 100 species in the floral plantings and 116 species in the apple orchards. Abundance of rare bee species was not significantly different between apple orchards and the floral plantings. During apple bloom, the known tree fruit pollinators were more frequently captured in the orchards than the floral plantings. However, after apple bloom, the abundance of known tree fruit pollinating bees increased significantly in the floral plantings, indicating potential for floral plantings to provide additional food and nesting resources when apple flowers are not available.