Insights into aphid prey consumption by ladybirds: Optimising field sampling methods and primer design for high throughput sequencing
Insights into aphid prey consumption by ladybirds: Optimising field sampling methods and primer design for high throughput sequencing
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0235054
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Symondson, William O. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ammann, Lolita;Moorhouse-Gann, Rosemary;Symondson, William O. C.
阐明昆虫捕食者的食性在基础生态学和应用生态学中具有重要意义，如提高保护性生物防治措施的有效性，促进作物害虫的天敌。本文采用高通量测序（HTS）技术，对中欧农业生态系统中常见的两种蚜虫捕食者——本土的七星瓢虫（Linnaeus）和入侵的瓢虫harmonia axyridis（Pallas；鞘翅目：瓢虫科）进行了研究。为了在景观尺度上深入了解移动昆虫的饮食，最小化捕获偏差是重要的，这对HTS提出了方法上的挑战。因此，我们评估了三种实地取样方法（粘捕法、平底捕法和手工采集法）以及新的蚜虫引物在利用高温超导技术鉴定瓢虫捕食蚜虫方面的适用性。新的蚜虫引物使所调查的75%的欧洲蚜虫属的鉴定达到种水平。蚜虫引物的特异性在体外硅片中较高，但在环境样品中较低，尽管这可以在未来的研究中得到改进。黏性捕虫器在降低采样偏差、污染风险和捕虫成功率方面是一种较理想的捕虫方法，但会影响dna的回收率。野外捕获的两种瓢虫的蚜虫食性均以常见的荨麻蚜虫carnosum microlophium为主。另一种常见的猎物是谷蚜，与谷蚜相比，谷蚜更容易被发现。在恢复的蚜虫分类群中，约有三分之一是常见的农作物害虫。我们得出结论，采样方法需要不断修订，但我们改进的蚜虫引物目前提供了一个最好的解决方案，广泛筛选瓢虫捕食蚜虫。
Elucidating the diets of insect predators is important in basic and applied ecology, such as for improving the effectiveness of conservation biological control measures to promote natural enemies of crop pests. Here, we investigated the aphid diet of two common aphid predators in Central European agroecosystems, the nativeCoccinella septempunctata(Linnaeus) and the invasiveHarmonia axyridis(Pallas; Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) by means of high throughput sequencing (HTS). For acquiring insights into diets of mobile flying insects at landscape scale minimizing trapping bias is important, which imposes methodological challenges for HTS. We therefore assessed the suitability of three field sampling methods (sticky traps, pan traps and hand-collection) as well as new aphid primers for identifying aphid prey consumption by coccinellids through HTS. The new aphid primers facilitate identification to species level in 75% of the European aphid genera investigated. Aphid primer specificity was highin silicoandin vitrobut low in environmental samples with the methods used, although this could be improved in future studies. For insect trapping we conclude that sticky traps are a suitable method in terms of minimizing sampling bias, contamination risk and trapping success, but compromise on DNA-recovery rate. The aphid diets of both field-captured ladybird species were dominated byMicrolophium carnosum, the common nettle aphid. Another common prey wasSitobion avenae(cereal aphid), which got more often detected inC.septempunctatacompared toH.axyridis. Around one third of the recovered aphid taxa were common crop pests. We conclude that sampling methodologies need constant revision but that our improved aphid primers offer currently one of the best solutions for broad screenings of coccinellid predation on aphids.