Emergent behavior in active colloids
Emergent behavior in active colloids
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DOI：
10.1088/0953-8984/28/25/253001
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Zöttl;H. Stark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Zöttl;H. Stark
活性胶体是微观颗粒，通过将从环境中提取的能量转化为定向运动，在粘性流体中自行推进。我们首先解释人工微型游泳器如何通过自泳或自诱导马兰戈尼效应产生近地表流场来向前移动。然后，我们讨论散装和限制中以及存在重力、场梯度和流体流动的情况下单一活性胶体动力学的一般特征。在第三部分中，我们回顾了活性胶体悬浮液的新兴集体行为，重点关注其结构和动态特性。在总结实验观察结果后，我们概述了集体移动活性胶体建模的进展。虽然活性布朗粒子被大量用于研究大规模的集体动力学，但需要更先进的方法来探索流体动力学和电泳粒子相互作用的重要性。最后，提出了量化新兴集体行为的相关物理方法。
Active colloids are microscopic particles, which self-propel through viscous fluids by converting energy extracted from their environment into directed motion. We first explain how artificial microswimmers move forward by generating near-surface flow fields via self-phoresis or the self-induced Marangoni effect. We then discuss generic features of the dynamics of single active colloids in bulk and in confinement, as well as in the presence of gravity, field gradients, and fluid flow. In the third section, we review the emergent collective behavior of active colloidal suspensions, focusing on their structural and dynamic properties. After summarizing experimental observations, we give an overview of the progress in modeling collectively moving active colloids. While active Brownian particles are heavily used to study collective dynamics on large scales, more advanced methods are necessary to explore the importance of hydrodynamic and phoretic particle interactions. Finally, the relevant physical approaches to quantify the emergent collective behavior are presented.