Set-Shifting Ability and Schizophrenia: A Marker of Clinical Illness or an Intermediate Phenotype?
Set-Shifting Ability and Schizophrenia: A Marker of Clinical Illness or an Intermediate Phenotype?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.05.009
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Gold, James M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ceaser, Alan E.;Goldberg, Terry E.;Gold, James M.
背景资料：执行功能障碍，例如定势转移能力，被视为精神分裂症的核心缺陷，并且作为候选中间表型标记物而受到关注。的Intradimensional/Extradimensional（ID/艾德）转移任务提供了一个分化的评估，从以前的强化刺激，以及从以前的强化功能的转移，并已被证明是敏感的损害中看到的精神分裂症patients.Methods：我们研究了ID/艾德的性能在147例精神分裂症患者，131他们的健康兄弟姐妹，和303名健康对照组。参与者被招募从当地和国家的来源作为志愿者的临床脑疾病分支/国家精神卫生研究所的“同胞study”。结果：几乎所有的控制对象（87%）成功地完成了任务，因为80%的兄弟姐妹。相比之下，只有54%的精神分裂症患者能够完成这项任务。尽管兄弟姐妹和健康对照组的表现明显相似，但两组在失败前的阶段数方面存在显著差异。然而，这种差异并不存在于任何特定的阶段或任何其他措施的performance.Conclusions：患者表现出强大的ID/艾德赤字。然而，他们的兄弟姐妹受到了最小程度的损害，这种损害似乎并不存在于家庭中。这些结果表明，注意定势转移障碍的ID/艾德任务评估与临床疾病密切相关，但这些障碍不是一个有前途的中间表型。
Background: Impairments of executive functioning, such as set-shifting ability, are seen as core deficits of schizophrenia and are of interest as candidate intermediate phenotype markers. The lntradimensional/Extradimensional (ID/ED) shift task offers a differentiated assessment of shifting from previously reinforced stimuli as well as shifting from previously reinforced features and has proven to be sensitive to the impairment seen in patients with schizophrenia.Methods: We examined ID/ED performance in 147 patients with schizophrenia, 131 of their healthy siblings, and 303 healthy control subjects. Participants were recruited from local and national sources as volunteers for the Clinical Brain Disorders Branch/National Institute of Mental Health "sibling study".Results: Nearly all control subjects (87%) finished the task successfully, as did 80% of siblings. In contrast only 54% of patients with schizophrenia were able to complete the task. Despite the apparent similarity of performance across the sibling and healthy comparison group, the two groups differed significantly in terms of the number of stages until failure. This difference, however, was not present at any particular stage or any other measure of performance.Conclusions: Patients demonstrated robust ID/ED deficits. However, their siblings were minimally impaired, and this impairment did not seem to run in families. These results suggest that impairments on attentional set shifting assessed by ID/ED task are strongly associated with clinical illness, but these impairments are not a promising intermediate phenotype.