Relationship between all-cause mortality and cumulative working life course psychosocial and physical exposures in the United States labor market from 1968 to 1992
Relationship between all-cause mortality and cumulative working life course psychosocial and physical exposures in the United States labor market from 1968 to 1992
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DOI：
10.1097/00006842-200205000-00002
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Duncan, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amick, BC;McDonough, P;Duncan, G
目的：在全国代表性样本中，研究心理社会和身体工作条件的累积暴露与死亡率之间的关系。方法：使用美国收入动态小组研究创建了一个工作队列。信息的心理和身体的工作条件进行了估算，使用的工作特征评分系统暴露矩阵期间，1968年至1991年，以构建工作生活课程。1970年至1992年期间的死亡情况已得到证实。结果如下：假设有10年的时滞，在工作生涯中从事低控制工作与死亡几率增加43%相关（OR，1.43，1.13-1.81）。高压力工作（即，高心理社会工作要求和低工作控制）没有显着影响，但被动工作（即，低心理社会工作要求和低工作控制）和死亡率之间的关系（OR，1.35，1.06-1.72）。在心理社会或身体工作需求、工作保障或与工作相关的社会支持方面，未发现显著的死亡风险。退休（OR，2.85，1.59-5.11）和失业（OR，2.26，1.65-3.10）过渡和基线残疾（OR，1.38，1.06-1.79）预测死亡率。结论：研究结果支持工作控制对健康的重要性。被动工作效应表明，工作内容可能是重要的，在塑造工人的健康在生命历程。未来的研究应侧重于模拟压力源的生命历程，以捕捉动态的相互作用的生活过渡，压力源的强度和持续时间和健康的相互作用的作用。
Objective: To examine the relationship between cumulative exposures to psychosocial and physical work conditions and mortality in a nationally representative sample. Methods: A working cohort was created using the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Information on psychosocial and physical work conditions were imputed using the job Characteristics Scoring System exposure matrix for the period 1968 through 1991 to construct working life courses. Deaths were ascertained from 1970 through 1992. Results: Working in low-control jobs for a working life was associated with a 43% increase in the chance of death (OR, 1.43, 1.13-1.81) assuming a 10-year time lag. No significant effect was found for high-strain work (ie, high psychosocial job demands and low job control), but a relationship was found between passive work (ie, low psychosocial job demands and low job control) and mortality (OR, 1.35, 1.06-1.72). No significant risk of death was found for psychosocial or physical job demands, job security, or work-related social support. Retirement (OR, 2.85, 1.59-5.11) and unemployment (OR, 2.26, 1.65-3.10) transitions and baseline disability (OR, 1.38, 1.06-1.79) predicted mortality. Conclusions: The results support the importance of job control to health. The passive work effect suggests that job content may be important in shaping a worker's health over the life course. Future research should focus on modeling stressors over the life course to capture the dynamic interplay of life transitions, stressor intensity and duration and the role of health in the interplay.