Distribution of Cryptosporidium genotypes in storm event water samples from three watersheds in New York
Distribution of Cryptosporidium genotypes in storm event water samples from three watersheds in New York
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.71.8.4446-4454.2005
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Xiao, LH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, JL;Alderisio, KA;Xiao, LH
为了评估暴雨径流中隐孢子虫卵囊污染的来源和公共卫生意义，采用基于小亚基 rRNA 基因的 PCR 限制性片段长度多态性技术对 3 年期间从纽约 Malcolm Brook 和 N5 流域收集的 94 个暴雨水样进行了分析。本研究中隐孢子虫的分布与之前研究中从阿育王溪 (Ashokan Brook) 的 27 个雨水样本中获得的数据进行了比较。这三个分水岭代表了人类活动的不同水平。在三个流域分析的总共 121 个样本中，107 个 PCR 呈阳性，其中 101 个（94.4%）与动物来源有关。此外，在两周内从马尔科姆布鲁克收集的六个样本中还检测到了人型念珠菌 (W14)。在这三个流域的雨水样本中总共发现了 22 种隐孢子虫物种或基因型，其中只有 11 种可归因于已知物种/动物群。几种隐孢子虫属。在这三个流域中常见，包括来自未知动物来源的W1基因型、来自鹿的W4基因型和来自麝鼠的W7基因型。有些基因型仅在特定的流域中发现。还通过环境保护局 (EPA) 方法 1623 对 113 个样品的等分试样进行了分析； 63 个样本（55.7%）通过显微镜检查呈隐孢子虫阳性，50 个显微镜检查阴性样本中的 39 个（78%）通过 PCR 呈阳性。这项研究的结果表明，分子技术可以通过提供有关水中发现的隐孢子虫卵囊的污染源和人类感染潜力的信息来补充传统的检测方法。
To assess the source and public health significance of Cryptosporidium oocyst contamination in storm runoff, a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique based on the small-subunit rRNA gene was used in the analysis of 94 storm water samples collected from the Malcolm Brook and N5 stream basins in New York over a 3-year period. The distribution of Cryptosporidium in this study was compared with the data obtained from 27 storm water samples from the Ashokan Brook in a previous study. These three watersheds represented different levels of human activity. Among the total of 121 samples analyzed from the three watersheds, 107 were PCR positive, 101 of which (94.4%) were linked to animal sources. In addition, C. hominis (W14) was detected in six samples collected from the Malcolm Brook over a 2-week period. Altogether, 22 Cryptosporidium species or genotypes were found in storm water samples from these three watersheds, only 11 of which could be attributed to known species/groups of animals. Several Cryptosporidium spp. were commonly found in these three watersheds, including the W1 genotype from an unknown animal source, the W4 genotype from deer, and the W7 genotype from muskrats. Some genotypes were found only in a particular watershed. Aliquots of 113 samples were also analyzed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 1623; 63 samples (55.7%) were positive for Cryptosporidium by microscopy, and 39 (78%) of the 50 microscopy-negative samples were positive by PCR. Results of this study demonstrate that molecular techniques can complement traditional detection methods by providing information on the source of contamination and the human-infective potential of Cryptosporidium oocysts found in water.