Precipitation enhancement in stratocumulus clouds through airbourne seeding: sensitivity analysis by UCLALES–SALSA
Precipitation enhancement in stratocumulus clouds through airbourne seeding: sensitivity analysis by UCLALES–SALSA
复制标题
通过空中播种增强层积云降水：UCLALES-SALSA 的敏感性分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Romakkaniemi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Tonttila;Ali Afzalifar;H. Kokkola;T. Raatikainen;H. Korhonen;S. Romakkaniemi
抽象的。利用大涡数值模拟模式和光谱气溶胶-云微物理模型，对人工增雨增雨进行了研究。我们把我们的调查重点放在海洋层积云云和评估我们的模型结果进行比较，最近发表的结果从现场观测。使用该模型创建单个云事件的多个实现提供了一种检测和归因播种效应的鲁棒方法，这加强了基于实验数据的分析。由于气溶胶-云相互作用的详细表示，我们的模型成功地再现了归因于播种的微物理特征，这也在观测中看到。此外，模型模拟显示，由于播种，降水通量增加了2-3倍，这取决于播种率和注入策略。然而，我们的模拟表明，一个相对较高的播种粒子排放率是需要在降水量的大幅增加，与估计的播种浓度相比，从现场活动。在实际应用中，催化气溶胶通常是由火炬燃烧产生的。据推测，我们的研究结果所建议的所需的大量种子粒子可能会对基于耀斑的方法构成技术挑战。
Abstract. Artificial enhancement of precipitation via hygroscopic cloud seeding is investigated with a numerical large-eddy simulation model coupled with a spectral aerosol-cloud microphysics module. We focus our investigation on marine stratocumulus clouds and evaluate our model results by comparing them with recently published results from field observations. Creating multiple realizations of a single cloud event with the model provides a robust method to detect and attribute the seeding effects, which reinforces the analysis based on experimental data. Owing to the detailed representation of aerosol-cloud interactions, our model successfully reproduces the microphysical signatures attributed to the seeding, that were also seen in the observations. Moreover, the model simulations show up to a 2–3 fold increase in the precipitation flux due to the seeding, depending on the seeding rate and injection strategy. However, our simulations suggest that a relatively high seeding particle emission rate is needed for a substantial increase in the precipitation yield, as compared with the estimated seeding concentrations from the field campaign. In practical applications, the seeding aerosol is often produced by flare burning. It is speculated, that the required amount of large seeding particles suggested by our results could pose a technical challenge to the flare-based approach.