Migration front of post-moult emperor penguins
Migration front of post-moult emperor penguins
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帝企鹅换羽后的迁徙前沿
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Birgitte I. McDonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Geoffrey Gearheart;G. Kooyman;K. Goetz;Birgitte I. McDonald
换羽可以说是帝企鹅（Aptenodytes forsteri）生命中最关键的时期。来自罗斯海西部殖民地的鸟类每年往返于罗斯海东部的浮冰群换羽。尽管怀疑有大量企鹅参与其中，但这种迁徙从未被直接观察到。在这里，我们提供了第一个描述的迁移前的企鹅从东到西之间的换羽栖息地和繁殖殖民地。初秋船的视觉调查显示，鸟类的密度显着增加，因为我们接近东部罗斯海，并没有相关的冰类型，百分之冰盖或初级生产力。这支持了一个密集的“源”的换羽后的鸟类在罗斯海东部迁移在近同步，并逐渐分散到西南和西北罗斯海繁殖殖民地的假设。帝企鹅单独或以多达8只的小团体旅行，集中在狭窄的水道或孤立的水坑周围，偶尔会在远离开放水域的地方看到，这表明它们主要通过游泳来移动，并辅以雪橇。它们的新皮毛表明它们已经完成了换毛。聚集的鸟类和鸟粪污渍表明它们在迁徙时进食。
The moult is arguably the most critical period in the life of emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri). Birds from western Ross Sea colonies travel yearly to and from the pack ice of the eastern Ross Sea to moult. Despite the suspected large numbers of penguins involved, this migration had never been directly observed. Here, we provide the first description of a migratory front of penguins travelling east to west between their moulting habitat and to the breeding colonies. Early autumn ship-bound visual surveys showed density of birds increased significantly as we approached the eastern Ross Sea and was not related to ice type, per cent ice cover or primary productivity. This supports the hypothesis of a dense “source” of post-moult birds in the eastern Ross Sea migrating in near-synchrony and gradually dispersing towards breeding colonies in the southwest and northwest Ross Sea. Emperor penguins travelled alone or in small groups of up to 8 individuals, concentrating around narrow leads or isolated water holes, and were occasionally seen far from open water, suggesting they move primarily by swimming, complemented by tobogganing. Their new coats indicated they had completed the moult. Aggregations of birds and guano stains suggested they were feeding while migrating.