The Virtual Reservation: Land Distribution, Natural Resource Access, and Equity on the Yurok Forest
The Virtual Reservation: Land Distribution, Natural Resource Access, and Equity on the Yurok Forest
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虚拟保留地：尤罗克森林的土地分配、自然资源获取和公平
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.1931057
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Lucy O. Diekmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Huntsinger;Lucy O. Diekmann
对美洲原住民的虐待和印第安人联邦政策的不公正已经得到了很好的记录。利用分配正义的概念来框架分析，本文阐述了印度颁布的五项主要土地政策倡议，以“帮助”征服后的土著人口，一些用于使他们合理化的公平论点，以及它们对加利福尼亚州北部尤罗克印第安人保留地的土地所有权和陆地资源的影响。这篇文章随后考察了过去150年来尤罗克土地保有权和自然资源的待遇，以此作为这些政策最终被证明是多么公平的一个指标。土地主张和所有权地图是印度土地政策举措影响的图解。累积的结果是土地碎片化和土著生态系统丧失的生态遗产，这将继续限制现在和未来获取具有重要经济和文化意义的资源，为部落和生态恢复创造前所未有的地形。最后，本文认为，自然资源决策应考虑少数人的权利以及多数人的利益，并将生态可持续性作为评估公平的多维框架的一部分，其中包括部落对祖传土地的权利和分配正义的目标。
The abuse of Native American populations and the injustices of federal Indian policy have been well documented. Using the concept of distributive justice to frame the analysis, this article addresses five major Indian land-policy initiatives promulgated to “help” post-conquest indigenous populations, some of the equity arguments used to rationalize them, and their effects on land ownership and terrestrial resources in the Yurok Indian Reservation of northern California. This article then examines the treatment of Yurok land tenure and natural resources over the last 150 years as an indicator of how equitable these policies turned out to be. Maps of land claims and ownership are a graphic representation of the impacts of Indian land-policy initiatives. The cumulative result is an ecological legacy of land fragmentation and loss of indigenous ecosystems that will continue to constrain access to economically and culturally significant resources now and in the future, creating an unprecedented terrain for tribal and ecological restoration. Lastly, this article argues that natural resources decision-making should consider the rights of the few as well as the good of the many and incorporate ecological sustainability as part of a multidimensional framework for assessing equity that includes tribal rights on ancestral lands and the goal of distributive justice.