Prevalence of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Adult Dermacentor spp. Ticks from Nine Collection Sites in France
Prevalence of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Adult Dermacentor spp. Ticks from Nine Collection Sites in France
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DOI：
10.1089/vbz.2011.0933
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Joncour, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bonnet, S.;de la Fuente, J.;Joncour, G.
在欧洲，人们还没有很好地认识到革螨蜱在蜱传病原体传播中的重要性。为了调查革蜱在蜱传病原体传播中的作用，在法国南部至西北部（卡马格三角洲至东布列塔尼）9个革蜱存在且曾发生过蜱传疾病的地点采集了调查蜱。2009年春季和秋季采集了3种蜱虫。采集到的蜱（雌雄均有）包括边缘蜱（377只）、网状蜱（74只）和蓖麻蜱（45只）。所有蜱均采用PCR或逆行杂交分析病原DNA的存在。分析的病原体基于兽医报告，包括嗜吞噬细胞无形体、伯纳氏柯谢氏体、边缘性无形体、伯氏疏螺旋体、巴尔通体、巴贝斯虫、伊氏杆菌和弗朗西斯氏体。在所分析的蜱中未检出土拉弗朗西斯氏体。在边缘弓形虫中，嗜吞噬细胞弓形虫的感染率（3%）与欧洲的蓖麻弓形虫相似。在边缘吉吉虫中存在的其他病原体包括边缘吉吉虫（0.5%）、巴尔通体（9%）、伯纳氏弓形虫（12%）、philomiragia（1.3%）和环形吉吉虫/牛巴贝斯虫（0.3%），这是法国首次检测到的。在网纹田鼠中检出的病原菌主要为边缘单胞菌（1%）、巴尔通体（12%）、伯氏疏螺旋体（16%）、伯氏疏螺旋体（1.5%）和philomiragia单胞菌（19%）。在蓖麻螺旋体中检出的病原菌包括嗜吞噬胞芽胞杆菌（41%）、巴尔通体（9%）、伯氏螺旋体（18%）、边缘螺旋体（1%）、伯氏疏螺旋体（4.5%）和巴贝斯虫（7%）。本研究首次采用流行病学方法对感染法国革螨属的蜱传病原体进行了表征，这些病原体可能由该属的蜱传播。现在可以利用实验感染和传播进行进一步的实验，以分析革螨属病媒对这些病原体的能力，并验证这一假设。
The importance of Dermacentor spp. in the transmission of tick-borne pathogens is not well recognized in Europe. To investigate the role of Dermacentor spp. in the transmission of tick-borne pathogens, questing ticks were collected in 9 sites from southern to northwestern France (Camargue Delta to Eastern Brittany) where Dermacentor spp. exist and tick-borne diseases had occurred previously. Three tick species were collected during the spring and autumn of 2009. Collected ticks (both males and females) included D. marginatus (n = 377), D. reticulatus (n = 74), and I. ricinus (n = 45). All ticks were analyzed by PCR or reverse line blot for the presence of pathogens' DNA. Pathogens analyzed were based on veterinarian reports and included Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Coxiella burnetii, Anaplasma marginale, Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella spp., Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Francisella sp. Francisella tularensis was not detected in any of the analyzed ticks. In D. marginatus, infection prevalence for A. phagocytophilum (3%) was similar to that found in I. ricinus in Europe. Other pathogens present in D. marginatus included A. marginale (0.5%), Bartonella spp. (9%), C. burnetii (12%), F. philomiragia (1.3%), and Theileria annulata/Babesia bovis (0.3%), which were detected for the first time in France. Pathogens detected in D. reticulatus included A. marginale (1%), Bartonella spp. (12%), C. burnetii (16%), Borrelia spp. (1.5%), and F. philomiragia (19%). Pathogens detected in I. ricinus included A. phagocytophilum (41%), Bartonella spp. (9%), C. burnetii (18%), A. marginale (1%), Borrelia spp. (4.5%), and Babesia sp. (7%). This study represents the first epidemiological approach to characterize tick-borne pathogens infecting Dermacentor spp. in France and that may be transmitted by ticks from this genus. Further experiments using experimental infections and transmission may be now conducted to analyze vector competency of Dermacentor spp. for these pathogens and to validate such hypothesis.