Rural Household Food Insecurity among Latino Immigrants during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Rural Household Food Insecurity among Latino Immigrants during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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在COVID-19大流行期间，美国的粮食不安全率迅速上升，对拉丁美洲移民家庭的影响不成比例。我们进行了一项定性研究，以调查在COVID-19大流行期间，农村拉丁裔移民的家庭食物环境如何受到影响。31名受访者（42%来自低粮食安全家庭）在加州的四个农村县完成了采访（2020年7月至2021年4月）。一个农村家庭粮食安全的概念框架被用来分析数据。在大流行病初期，学校关闭和家中膳食/零食消费增加影响了粮食供应;收入减少影响了粮食供应。获得服务的障碍包括交通有限、距离太远和缺乏便利。缓解粮食不安全的关键资源是补充营养援助计划（SNAP），流行病电子福利转移（P-EBT），学校供餐，慈善食品计划和社会资本，尽管慈善食品分配的充分性和可接受性被注意到。在讨论政府营养援助计划的障碍时，受访者对法律的地位、耻辱和公共负担规则表示关切。他们报告说，食品储藏室和P-EBT的准入障碍较少。积极的应对策略包括促进健康的食物替代品和减少外出用餐。研究结果可以为制定政策和系统干预措施提供信息，以减少农村拉丁美洲移民中与粮食不安全和营养相关的健康差距。
U.S. food insecurity rates rapidly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, with disproportionate impacts on Latino immigrant households. We conducted a qualitative study to investigate how household food environments of rural Latino immigrants were affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thirty-one respondents (42% from low food security households) completed interviews (July 2020–April 2021) across four rural counties in California. A rural household food security conceptual framework was used to analyze the data. Early in the pandemic, food availability was impacted by school closures and the increased consumption of meals/snacks at home; food access was impacted by reduced incomes. Barriers to access included limited transportation, excess distance, and lack of convenience. Key resources for mitigating food insecurity were the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the Pandemic Electronic Benefits Transfer (P-EBT), school meals, charitable food programs, and social capital, although the adequacy and acceptability of charitable food distributions were noted issues. Respondents expressed concern about legal status, stigma, and the public charge rule when discussing barriers to government nutrition assistance programs. They reported that food pantries and P-EBT had fewer access barriers. Positive coping strategies included health-promoting food substitutions and the reduced consumption of meals outside the home. Results can inform the development of policy and systems interventions to decrease food insecurity and nutrition-related health disparities among rural Latino immigrants.