A feasibility study on beef tallow conversion to some esters for biodiesel production
A feasibility study on beef tallow conversion to some esters for biodiesel production
复制标题
牛脂转化为某些酯用于生产生物柴油的可行性研究
DOI：
10.1186/2251-7715-2-2
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Hamed Shahmirzae Jeshvaghani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ghazavi;M. Fallahipanah;Hamed Shahmirzae Jeshvaghani
工业副产品的管理和回收利用是当今发展中国家和发达国家最重要的问题之一。牛脂是屠宰场产生的这些残留物之一，主要用于肥皂生产工业。然而，当这个行业超负荷时，多余的脂肪通常被焚烧或在卫生填埋场处理。然而，牛脂可用于生物柴油生产。因此，本文以牛脂为原料，甲醇和氢氧化钾为催化剂，在中试装置上研究了生物柴油的制备工艺。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）法对生物柴油的质量进行了评价。结果FTIR分析表明，最终产物中含有酯类成分，可作为柴油机用生物柴油。天然牛脂的粘度很高，实际上是固体，但经过酯交换后，最终产品的粘度下降，变成液体。在40°C下测得的最终产物的粘度为5.3 mm 2 s-1，并且该生物柴油与ASTMD-445标准的数据的比较导致该产物与石油柴油（3至12 mm 2 s-1）的相似性。牛脂是屠宰场可用的低成本剩余材料之一。因此，屠宰场可以被认为是生产生物柴油的可用来源之一。本研究对牛脂制备生物柴油的工艺进行了验证，但必须回收甲醇和甘油，以提高其经济可行性。
BackgroundNowadays, management and recycling of industrial by-products are one of the most important issues in developing and developed countries. Beef tallow is one of these residues produced in slaughter houses and primarily is utilized in soap production industry. However, when this industry is overloaded, the extra fats are usually incinerated or disposed in a sanitary landfill. However, beef tallow may be consumed in biodiesel production. Therefore, in this work, the process of biodiesel production in a pilot plant has been studied using beef tallow as raw material with methanol and potassium hydroxide as catalyst. The quality of the produced biodiesel is evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) method.ResultsFTIR analysis showed that the final product contains ester compositions which can be used as biodiesel fuel in diesel engines. The viscosity of natural beef tallow was very high, and actually, it was solid; however, after transesterification the viscosity of the final product decreased, and it became liquid. The viscosity of the final product measured at 40°C was 5.3 mm2 s−1, and the comparison of this biodiesel with the data of ASTMD-445 standard resulted in the similarity of this product with petroleum diesel (3 to 12 mm2 s−1).ConclusionsAlkaline transesterification of beef tallow with methanol decreases the viscosity of the final synthesized product and produces a high quality biodiesel for diesel engines. Beef tallow is one of the low cost residual materials available in slaughter houses. Therefore, the slaughter houses can be considered as one of the available sources to produce biodiesel. In this research, the process of biodiesel production from beef tallow was validated, but the economical viability must be improved by recovering methanol and glycerol.