Integrated management of the Cubango-Okavango River Basin
Integrated management of the Cubango-Okavango River Basin
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecohyd.2016.09.005
复制
发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Chonguica, Ebenizario
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
King, Jackie;Chonguica, Ebenizario
奥卡万戈河发源于安哥拉，向内陆流动，与纳米比亚接壤，最终在博茨瓦纳喀拉哈里沙漠的一个内陆三角洲结束。三角洲构成了世界上最大的拉姆萨尔湿地之一，并于2014年6月被联合国教科文组织指定为第1000个世界遗产。它以其动植物生命而闻名，支持旅游业是博茨瓦纳的第二大收入来源。直到最近，河流系统还没有受到任何大规模的水资源开发，但从殖民列强的独立，安哥拉内乱的停止以及流域三个国家日益增长的愿望意味着河流系统的开发是不可避免的。各会员国于1994年9月15日成立了奥卡万戈河流域常设水委员会（OKACOM），该委员会正在解决如何为全体公民的利益而发展该流域的挑战，同时又不不可接受地损害这条标志性河流的性质。两项关键的早期活动是完成一项跨界诊断分析，其中包括一项环境流量评估，然后拟订一项战略行动方案。随着OKACOM进入第二个任期，有几个国际合作伙伴支持盆地开发的各个方面，会员国认识到未来的治理和其他挑战。(C) 2016年波兰科学院欧洲生态水文学区域中心。Elsevier Sp. zo.o出版，版权所有。
The Okavango River originates in Angola and flows inland bordering Namibia, terminating in an inland delta in the Kalahari Desert, Botswana. The Delta constitutes one of the largest Ramsar sites in the world and was designated by UNESCO as its 1000th World Heritage Site in June 2014. It is renowned for its plant and animal life, supporting a tourist industry that is the second largest source of income for Botswana. Until recently the river system was not subject to any large-scale water resource development, but independence from colonial powers, cessation of civil unrest in Angola and growing aspirations of the basin's three countries mean that development of the river system is inevitable. The Permanent Okavango River Basin Water Commission (OKACOM) was created by the Member States in September 15, 1994 and is addressing the challenge of how to develop the river basin for the benefit of all its citizens without unacceptably degrading the nature of this iconic river. Two key early activities were completion of a Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis that included an Environmental Flows Assessment, followed by the drawing up of a Strategic Action Programme. There are several International Cooperating Partners supporting aspects of basin development as OKACOM enters its second term and the Member States recognise the governance and other challenges that lie ahead. (C) 2016 European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier Sp. z o.o. All rights reserved.