Experimental study on rainfall interception over an outdoor urban‐scale model
Experimental study on rainfall interception over an outdoor urban‐scale model
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DOI：
10.1029/2008wr007069
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发表时间：
2009-04
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
M. Nakayoshi;R. Moriwaki;T. Kawai;M. Kanda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Nakayoshi;R. Moriwaki;T. Kawai;M. Kanda
从水量和能量平衡的角度研究了室外城市尺度模型上的降雨截留。平均RI值为总降雨量的6%，小于森林中的典型值。与在森林中发现的相关性不同，RI与总降雨量或降雨持续时间之间没有相关性。大部分RI出现在降雨的前几个小时，然后在一次降雨过程中RI随时间迅速下降。在降雨事件开始时，RI依赖于饱和亏损。RI的潜热大致由混凝土表面的热传导平衡。林冠结构的差异可能是造成林地和林地RI行为不同的原因。在此基础上，讨论了冠层结构的三个方面，即有效湿表面积、标量传输效率和冠层热容量。
Rainfall interception (RI) over an outdoor urban‐scale model was investigated from the perspectives of water and energy balance. On average, RI was 6% of the gross rainfall and smaller than typical values in forests. No correlation was found between RI and gross rainfall or rainfall duration unlike the correlations found in forests. Most RI occurred in the first several hours of rainfall, and then RI rapidly decreased with time during a rainfall event. RI was dependent on the saturation deficit at the beginning of the rainfall event. The latent heat for RI was approximately balanced by heat conduction from the concrete surfaces. Differences in the canopy structure are considered as possible reasons for the different behaviors of RI between the present site and forests. Accordingly, three aspects of the canopy structure, i.e., effective wet surface area, efficiency for scalar transfer, and canopy heat capacity, are discussed.