Western lowland gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla ) do not show an aversion to inequity in a token exchange task
Western lowland gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla ) do not show an aversion to inequity in a token exchange task
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西部低地大猩猩（Gorilla gorilla gorilla）在代币交换任务中并没有表现出对不平等的厌恶
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.23326
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Brosnan, Sarah F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sosnowski, Meghan J.;Drayton, Lindsey A.;Prétôt, Laurent;Carrigan, Jodi;Stoinski, Tara S.;Brosnan, Sarah F.
虽然有些物种的个体会拒绝他们通常接受的食物，如果他们的伴侣收到更喜欢的食物，但这并不是所有物种都是如此。合作假说提出，这种物种水平的变异性是因为不平等厌恶是一种识别合作没有回报的情况的机制，并且经常观察到合作的物种更有可能厌恶不平等。为了排除不公平厌恶的其他可能解释，我们还需要测试匡威的情况：很少观察到合作的物种，特别是那些在遗传学上接近更合作物种的物种，应该不太可能是不公平厌恶的。为此，我们测试了8只动物园饲养的西部低地大猩猩（Gorilla gorilla gorilla）进行代币交换任务，在该任务中，受试者获得相同的食物奖励或比他们的伴侣更多或更多的努力，记录拒绝参与交换和拒绝接受奖励。支持合作假设，即使在不同的会话中存在程序差异，大猩猩在完成交换后获得低价值食物奖励的所有条件下都更有可能拒绝，而不管他们的伴侣得到了什么，这表明大猩猩不是不公平厌恶，而是不会为低价值奖励工作。此外，大猩猩更有可能在会议后期拒绝;虽然拒绝的模式在考虑到这一点后保持不变，但这表明物种应该在尽可能多的试验中进行测试。
Although individuals in some species refuse foods they normally accept if their partner receives a more preferred one, this is not true across all species. The cooperation hypothesis proposes that this species‐level variability evolved because inequity aversion is a mechanism to identify situations in which cooperation is not paying off, and that species regularly observed cooperating should be more likely to be averse to inequity. To rule out other potential explanations of inequity aversion, we need to test the converse as well: species rarely observed cooperating, especially those phylogenetically close to more cooperative species, should belesslikely to be inequity averse. To this end, we tested eight zoo‐housed Western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) on a token exchange task in which subjects received either the same food reward or a less‐preferred reward for the same or more effort than their partner, recording both refusals to participate in the exchange and refusals to accept the reward. Supporting the cooperation hypothesis, even with procedural differences across sessions, gorillas were significantly more likely to refuse in all conditions in which they received a low‐value food reward after completing an exchange, regardless of what their partner received, suggesting that gorillas were not inequity averse, but instead would not work for a low‐value reward. Additionally, gorillas were more likely to refuse later in the session; while the pattern of refusals remained unchanged after accounting for this, this suggests that species should be tested on as many trials as is practical.