Internal structure and stability of vortices in a dipolar spinor Bose-Einstein condensate
Internal structure and stability of vortices in a dipolar spinor Bose-Einstein condensate
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偶极旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中涡旋的内部结构和稳定性
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.95.053601
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Borgh M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borgh M
我们展示了偶极相互作用如何对原子旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的漩涡结构产生显著影响，并说明了适用于整个偶极旋量系统的一般物理原理。然后，我们找到并分析了自旋为3的凝聚体点群对称中带非阿贝尔电荷的奇异涡核。使用一个更简单的模型系统，我们分析了潜在的偶极物理，并展示了由磁偶极耦合产生的特征长度尺度如何与波散射的愈合长度层次相互作用，并导致核心结构的简单标准：当相互作用在能量上都有利于基态自旋条件时，例如在自旋为1的铁磁相中，奇异涡旋的大小受限于较短的自旋相关愈合长度（波或偶极）。相反，当相互作用竞争时（例如，在自旋-1极性相），我们发现通过增加偶极耦合，奇异涡旋的核心被放大。我们进一步证明了由相互作用各向异性引起的自旋排列如何表现在垂直于旋转凝聚轴的基态自旋涡线的外观中，以及在潜在可观察到的内部核心自旋纹理中。我们还解释了它如何导致非奇异涡旋中相互作用依赖的角动量，这是由于与旋转诱导的自旋有序竞争的结果。当各向异性被强磁场改变时，我们展示了它如何引起涡旋核心的对称破坏变形，从而形成自旋畴壁。
We demonstrate how dipolar interactions can have pronounced effects on the structure of vortices in atomic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates and illustrate generic physical principles that apply across dipolar spinor systems. We then find and analyze the cores of singular vortices with non-Abelian charges in the point-group symmetry of a spin-3condensate. Using a simpler model system, we analyze the underlying dipolar physics and show how a characteristic length scale arising from the magnetic dipolar coupling interacts with the hierarchy of healing lengths of the-wave scattering and leads to simple criteria for the core structure: When the interactions both energetically favor the ground-state spin condition, such as in the spin-1 ferromagnetic phase, the size of singular vortices is restricted to the shorter spin-dependent healing length (-wave or dipolar). Conversely, when the interactions compete (e.g., in the spin-1 polar phase), we find that the core of a singular vortex is enlarged by increasing dipolar coupling. We further demonstrate how the spin alignment arising from the interaction anisotropy is manifest in the appearance of a ground-state spin-vortex line that is oriented perpendicularly to the condensate axis of rotation, as well as in potentially observable internal core spin textures. We also explain how it leads to an interaction-dependent angular momentum in nonsingular vortices as a result of competition with rotation-induced spin ordering. When the anisotropy is modified by a strong magnetic field, we show how it gives rise to a symmetry-breaking deformation of a vortex core into a spin-domain wall.