The bilaterian roots of cordon-bleu.
The bilaterian roots of cordon-bleu.
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DOI：
10.1186/1756-0500-6-393
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发表时间：
2013-09-30
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Terhoeven N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schultz J;Terhoeven N
肌动蛋白细胞骨架在真核细胞的许多生理过程中是必不可少的。新的肌动蛋白纤维的出现是由肌动蛋白成核剂启动的。虽然它们中的大多数是进化古老的，但蓝带肌动蛋白成核剂被归类为脊椎动物特异性的。使用敏感的方法进行序列相似性检测，我们确定同源的cordon-bleu不仅在非脊椎动物脊索动物，而且在节肢动物，软体动物，环节动物和扁形动物。这些基因只含有一个WH 2结构域，因此与脊椎动物的cordon-bleu相关蛋白1相比，它们更类似于含有三个WH 2结构域的cordon-bleu。此外，我们确定了一个同源物的N-末端，泛素样，cobl结构域的蓝线在刺胞动物Nematostella vectensis。我们的研究结果表明，乌尔形式的cordon-bleu蛋白家族已经进化的出现，通过现有的cobl和WH 2结构域的组合的bilateria。在脊椎动物特异性基因复制后，一个拷贝获得了两个额外的WH 2结构域，导致肌动蛋白成核蓝带。到目前为止，蓝带蛋白家族的ur-形式的功能是未知的。在模式生物黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）中鉴定同源物有助于其实验表征。
The actin cytoskeleton is essential for many physiological processes of eukaryotic cells. The emergence of new actin fibers is initiated by actin nucleators. Whereas most of them are evolutionary old, the cordon-bleu actin nucleator is classified as vertebrate specific. Using sensitive methods for sequence similarity detection, we identified homologs of cordon-bleu not only in non-vertebrate chordates but also in arthropods, molluscs, annelids and platyhelminthes. These genes contain only a single WH2 domain and therefore resemble more the vertebrate cordon-bleu related 1 protein than the three WH2 domain containing cordon-bleu. Furthermore, we identified a homolog of the N-terminal, ubiquitin like, cobl domain of cordon-bleu in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. Our results suggest that the ur-form of the cordon-bleu protein family evolved already with the emergence of the bilateria by the combination of existing cobl and WH2 domains. Following a vertebrate specific gene-duplication, one copy gained two additional WH2 domains leading to the actin nucleating cordon-bleu. The function of the ur-form of the cordon-bleu protein family is so far unknown. The identification of a homolog in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster could facilitate its experimental characterization.