Cancer in the crosshairs: targeting cancer metabolism with hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI technology.
Cancer in the crosshairs: targeting cancer metabolism with hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI technology.
复制标题
十字准线中的癌症：利用超极化碳 13 MRI 技术瞄准癌症代谢。
DOI：
10.1002/nbm.3937
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Merritt,MatthewE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
vonMorze,Cornelius;Merritt,MatthewE
基于磁共振(MR)的超极化(HP)~(13)C代谢成像作为一种新的肿瘤临床诊断方法正受到人们的积极追捧，用于肿瘤的检测、分级和疗效监测。随着正电子发射断层扫描在临床肿瘤学中发挥重要作用的代谢成像的巨大成功，HP13C磁共振成像的附加值正在显现。糖酵解和中枢碳代谢异常是多种癌症的特征。与这些途径相关的化学转化产生的代谢物一般从三个到六个碳，并取决于组织的氧化还原状态和能量电荷。通过这些途径的通量在化学上的显著变化表明，HP成像可以利用编码到MR实验中的潜在化学位移信息来产生注射底物及其代谢物的图像。然而，HP代谢物的成像对与X核检测、由于T1引起的HP磁化衰减以及检查脉冲消耗HP信号相关的脉冲序列设计提出了独特的限制。该领域的进步仍然严重依赖于MRI系统和脉冲序列的定制，以优化HP13C信号的检测，主要集中在在HP磁化的短暂寿命期间提取最大信息量。从临床角度来看，HP13C核磁共振癌症的成功将在很大程度上取决于HP丙酮酸用于检测与Warburg效应相关的乳酸池的效用，尽管其他几种药物也在研究中，新的药物仍在不断研制中。在这篇综述中，将突出HP13C成像的突出方面，重点是HP实验设计的技术挑战和生化方面。
Magnetic resonance (MR)‐based hyperpolarized (HP)13C metabolic imaging is under active pursuit as a new clinical diagnostic method for cancer detection, grading, and monitoring of therapeutic response. Following the tremendous success of metabolic imaging by positron emission tomography, which already plays major roles in clinical oncology, the added value of HP13C MRI is emerging. Aberrant glycolysis and central carbon metabolism is a hallmark of many forms of cancer. The chemical transformations associated with these pathways produce metabolites ranging in general from three to six carbons, and are dependent on the redox state and energy charge of the tissue. The significant changes in chemistry associated with flux through these pathways imply that HP imaging can take advantage of the underlying chemical shift information encoded into an MR experiment to produce images of the injected substrate as well as its metabolites. However, imaging of HP metabolites poses unique constraints on pulse sequence design related to detection of X‐nuclei, decay of the HP magnetization due toT1, and the consumption of HP signal by the inspection pulses. Advancements in the field continue to depend critically on customization of MRI systems and pulse sequences for optimized detection of HP13C signals, focused largely on extracting the maximum amount of information during the short lifetime of the HP magnetization. From a clinical perspective, the success of HP13C MRI of cancer will largely depend upon the utility of HP pyruvate for the detection of lactate pools associated with the Warburg effect, though several other agents are also under investigation, with novel agents continually being formulated. In this review, the salient aspects of HP13C imaging will be highlighted, with an emphasis on both technological challenges and the biochemical aspects of HP experimental design.