Recent advances in understanding bile acid homeostasis.
Recent advances in understanding bile acid homeostasis.
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DOI：
10.12688/f1000research.12449.1
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chiang JY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chiang JY
胆汁酸来源于胆固醇，以促进肠道营养吸收和胆固醇的胆汁分泌。最近的研究已经确定胆汁酸作为信号分子，其激活核法尼醇X受体（FXR）和膜G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体-1（Gpbar-1，也称为TGR 5）以维持代谢稳态并保护肝脏和其他组织和细胞免受胆汁酸毒性。胆汁酸稳态是由一个复杂的机制，反馈和前馈调节，这是不完全理解。本文综述了胆汁酸信号转导的最新进展，以及关于经典和替代胆汁酸合成途径、胆汁酸组成和胆汁酸池大小、肠道胆汁酸信号转导和肠道微生物组在调节胆汁酸稳态中的新概念。
Bile acids are derived from cholesterol to facilitate intestinal nutrient absorption and biliary secretion of cholesterol. Recent studies have identified bile acids as signaling molecules that activate nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and membrane G protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1 (Gpbar-1, also known as TGR5) to maintain metabolic homeostasis and protect liver and other tissues and cells from bile acid toxicity. Bile acid homeostasis is regulated by a complex mechanism of feedback and feedforward regulation that is not completely understood. This review will cover recent advances in bile acid signaling and emerging concepts about the classic and alternative bile acid synthesis pathway, bile acid composition and bile acid pool size, and intestinal bile acid signaling and gut microbiome in regulation of bile acid homeostasis.