Personal Variation in Preference for Sweetness: Effects of Age and Obesity
Personal Variation in Preference for Sweetness: Effects of Age and Obesity
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DOI：
10.1089/chi.2017.0023
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Mennella, Julie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bobowski, Nuala;Mennella, Julie A.
背景：非营养性甜味剂（NNSs）的使用增加了，它提供了很少甚至没有卡路里的甜味，但关于儿童对NNSs的享乐反应是否与营养性糖或成人的享乐反应不同的数据有限。方法：通过强制选择跟踪程序确定48名7-14岁儿童（平均=10岁）和34名成人中最喜欢的蔗糖和NNS三氯蔗糖水平。每位参与者还对这些味觉刺激的喜好程度以及阿斯巴甜的不同浓度进行了打分，并以3分和5分的面部快乐量表打分。获得人体测量值，并使用美味饮食动机量表（PEMS，成人）和儿童PEMS评估美味食物摄入的动机。结果：虽然使用3分量表显示对甜味剂的喜好没有年龄相关的差异，但5分量表显示，更多的儿童比成人更喜欢高浓度的蔗糖、三氯蔗糖和阿斯巴甜，跟踪程序显示，儿童比成人更喜欢高浓度的蔗糖和三氯蔗糖。无论年龄如何，肥胖和非肥胖的参与者对甜食的偏好没有差异，也没有显示出与吃美味食物的动机有关。儿童的身体质量指数z得分与吃美味食物的社会动机和从众动机得分呈正相关。结论：研究应该超越对甜味快感变化的测量，包括确定吃糖的动机，以及吃糖的生理和心理后果，以阐明哪些儿童更容易养成不良的饮食习惯，增加肥胖和其他疾病的风险。
Background: Use of nonnutritive sweeteners (NNSs), which provide sweet taste with few to no calories, has increased, but data on whether children's hedonic responses to NNSs differ from nutritive sugars or from adults' hedonic responses are limited.Methods: Most preferred levels of sucrose and the NNS sucralose were determined via a forced-choice tracking procedure in 48 children, 7-14 years (mean=10 years), and 34 adults. Each participant also rated the liking of these taste stimuli, as well as varying concentrations of aspartame on 3- and 5-point facial hedonic scales. Anthropometric measures were obtained, and motives for palatable food intake were assessed with the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS, adults) and Kids PEMS.Results: While use of the 3-point scale showed no age-related differences in liking of sweeteners, the 5-point scale showed that more children than adults liked higher concentrations of sucrose, sucralose, and aspartame, and the tracking procedure showed that children most preferred higher concentrations of sucrose and sucralose than adults. Regardless of age, sweet preference did not differ between obese and nonobese participants and showed no association with motives for eating palatable foods. Children's body mass index z-scores were positively associated with social and conformity motive scores for eating palatable foods.Conclusion: Research should move beyond measures of variation in sweet taste hedonics to include identifying motives, and the physiological and psychological consequences of eating sweets, to shed light on what children are more vulnerable to develop unfavorable eating habits, increasing risk for obesity, and other diseases.