Grandparents’ Childcare and Female Labor Force Participation
Grandparents’ Childcare and Female Labor Force Participation
复制标题
祖父母的育儿和女性劳动力参与
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Marian Vidal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Posadas;Marian Vidal
在美国，大约20%的有5岁以下孩子的在职母亲将祖父母作为她们照看孩子的主要来源。使用1979年全国青年纵向调查(NLSY79)，我们调查了这种育儿来源的可获得性是否对母亲参与劳动力有因果影响。我们比较了普通最小二乘(OLS)、女性固定效应(FE)和工具变量(IV)估计。我们发现，OLS估计高估了祖父母育儿对年轻母亲劳动力参与的影响，并且与IV估计没有显著差异。在我们的首选规格FE中，我们发现，祖父母育儿的可用性显著增加了母亲的劳动力参与率9个百分点，而且这种影响主要是由少数族裔、单身或从未结婚的母亲推动的。我们的发现表明，提高退休年龄的政策可能会提高老年群体的劳动参与率，代价是年轻女性通过育儿服务的可获得性。
In the United States, approximately 20% of employed mothers with children under 5 use grandparents as their primary source of childcare. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), we investigate whether the availability of this source of childcare has a causal effect on mother’s labor force participation. We compare Ordinary Least Squares 0(OLS), women’s Fixed Effects (FE) and Instrumental Variables (IV) estimates. We find that OLS estimates overestimate the effect of grandparental childcare on young mothers’ labor force participation and are not significantly different from IV estimates. In our preferred specification, FE, we find that the availability of grandparental childcare significantly increases mothers’ labor force participation by 9 percentage points and that this effect is largely driven by minority, single or never married mothers. Our findings suggest that policies that raise retirement ages might increase older cohorts’ labor participation rates at the expense of young women’s through childcare availability.JEL codesJ2; I3.