Organizing a Global Coordinate System from Local Information on an Ad Hoc Sensor Network
Organizing a Global Coordinate System from Local Information on an Ad Hoc Sensor Network
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DOI：
10.1007/3-540-36978-3_22
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发表时间：
2003-04
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
R. Nagpal;H. Shrobe;J. Bachrach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Nagpal;H. Shrobe;J. Bachrach
我们证明，它是可能实现准确的定位和跟踪的目标在一个随机放置的无线传感器网络组成的廉价的组件有限的精度。实现这一点的关键因素是与全局坐标对齐的相当精确的局部坐标系。我们提出了一种算法，用于创建这样一个坐标系，而不使用全球控制，全球访问的信标信号，或传感器间距离的准确估计。该坐标系统是鲁棒的，并自动适应传感器的故障或添加。广泛的理论分析和仿真结果。两个关键的理论结果是：有一个临界的最小平均邻域大小为15良好的准确性，并有一个基本的限制，严格从本地通信确定的任何坐标系的分辨率。我们的仿真结果表明，我们可以实现定位精度在20%的无线电范围内，即使有高达10%的无线电信号强度的变化。该算法改进了传感器间距离估计的更精细量化：6级量化的位置误差优于10%。最后，我们展示了该算法如何优雅地推广到目标跟踪任务。
We demonstrate that it is possible to achieve accurate localization and tracking of a target in a randomly placed wireless sensor network composed of inexpensive components of limited accuracy. The crucial enabler for this is a reasonably accurate local coordinate system aligned with the global coordinates. We present an algorithm for creating such a coordinate system without the use of global control, globally accessible beacon signals, or accurate estimates of inter-sensor distances. The coordinate system is robust and automatically adapts to the failure or addition of sensors. Extensive theoretical analysis and simulation results are presented. Two key theoretical results are: there is a critical minimum average neighborhood size of 15 for good accuracy and there is a fundamental limit on the resolution of any coordinate system determined strictly from local communication. Our simulation results show that we can achieve position accuracy to within 20% of the radio range even when there is variation of up to 10% in the signal strength of the radios. The algorithm improves with finer quantizations of inter-sensor distance estimates: with 6 levels of quantization position errors better than 10% are achieved. Finally we show how the algorithm gracefully generalizes to target tracking tasks.