Patterns of selectivity in introductions of mammal species worldwide
Patterns of selectivity in introductions of mammal species worldwide
复制标题
DOI：
10.3897/neobiota.33.10471
复制
发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Cassey, Phillip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blackburn, Tim M.;Scrivens, Sally L.;Cassey, Phillip
人类有着将哺乳动物物种运输和引入其本土地理范围之外的悠久历史。引入物种的特征（分类学，生活史，生态学，环境）都可以影响哪些特征可用于（和选择）建立，以及随后的入侵传播。因此，理解物种引入的非随机性是理解外来物种入侵的关键。在这里，我们测试的选择性的身份和特征的哺乳动物物种介绍世界各地。我们编制和分析了一个全面的数据库，介绍了哺乳动物物种，包括广泛的生活史，生态，分布和环境变量，我们预测引进和非引进的哺乳动物物种之间的差异的信息。某些哺乳动物分类群比预期的更有可能被引入，例如牛科和鹿科的偶蹄动物。啮齿动物和蝙蝠被引入的可能性比预期的要小得多。引入的哺乳动物物种比所有哺乳动物物种的随机样本具有显着更大的体重，更长的寿命和更大的产仔数。它们的原生地理范围也比预期的要大得多，起源于比没有记录的哺乳动物物种更北，更冷的地区和人口密度更高的地区。物种的特征和分布有助于确定哪些物种被引入，并反映哺乳动物的进化历史如何导致某些具有某些特征的物种被定位在人类运动历史和对商品和服务的需求中。大量无法解释的变化可能与这种人为驱动过程的内在随机性有关。
Humans have an extremely long history of transporting and introducing mammal species outside their native geographic ranges. The characteristics of the species introduced (taxonomy, life-history, ecology, environment) can all influence which traits are available (and selected) for establishment, and subsequent invasive spread. Understanding the non-randomness in species introductions is therefore key to understanding invasions by alien species. Here, we test for selectivity in the identities and traits of mammal species introduced worldwide. We compiled and analysed a comprehensive database of introduced mammal species, including information on a broad range of life history, ecological, distributional and environmental variables that we predicted to differ between introduced and non-introduced mammal species. Certain mammal taxa are much more likely to have been introduced than expected, such as Artiodactyls in the families Bovidae and Cervidae. Rodents and bats were much less likely to have been introduced than expected. Introduced mammal species have significantly larger body masses, longer lifespans and larger litter sizes than a random sample of all mammal species. They also have much larger native geographic ranges than expected, originate from significantly further north, from cooler areas, and from areas with higher human population densities, than mammal species with no recorded introductions. The traits and distributions of species help determine which have been introduced, and reflect how the evolutionary history of mammals has resulted in certain species with certain traits being located in the way of human histories of movement and demands for goods and services. The large amount of unexplained variation is likely to relate to the intrinsically stochastic nature of this human-driven process.