Mimicry in coral reef fishes: ecological and behavioural responses of a mimic to its model
Mimicry in coral reef fishes: ecological and behavioural responses of a mimic to its model
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DOI：
10.1017/s0952836904005473
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Jones, GP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eagle, JV;Jones, GP
拟态是珊瑚礁鱼类中广泛记录的现象，但拟态和模型之间的潜在关系知之甚少。刺尾鱼的幼鱼模仿不同的侏儒神仙鱼Centropyge spp的颜色。在不同的位置，在整个地理范围的外科手术鱼，而采用一个共同的物种特定的颜色作为成年人。本研究探讨了A.在巴布亚新几内亚发现了一种叫火臀鱼的鱼和它的一种模式鱼--刺尻鱼。外科医生鱼经历了从少年（模仿）着色成人（非模仿）着色时，他们达到了最大尺寸的神仙鱼的过渡。作为典型的模仿模式关系，模仿外科鱼总是比他们的模式少。模拟物丰度的空间变化与模型相关，而成虫丰度则不相关。我们表明，少年外科鱼获得觅食的优势，模仿神仙鱼。模拟外科鱼总是发现在1-2米的一个类似大小的个人的C vroliki，他们花了c。有10%的时间是在亲密接触中。当与神仙鱼，少年外科表现出增加的c。10%的时间花在喂食上，而不是独自一人。这种觅食的好处似乎可以解释为减少侵略领土雀鲷Plectroglyphidon lacrymatus，占主导地位的珊瑚礁顶栖息地。而成年A. pyroferus和所有其他surgeonfish积极流离失所的雀鲷领土，模仿surgeonfish和他们的模型受到攻击的频率较低，并不总是流离失所。胃内容物分析表明，C. vroliki与P lacrymatus差异显著，而A.焦翅雀鲷与雀鲷比较相似。我们假设，模仿欺骗雀鲷，以他们的饮食，以获得粮食供应的防御地区。
Mimicry is a widely documented phenomenon in coral reef fishes, but the underlying relationships between mimics and models are poorly understood. Juveniles of the surgeonfish Acanthurus pyroferus mimic the coloration of different pygmy angelfish Centropyge spp. at different locations throughout the geographic range of the surgeonfish, while adopting a common species-specific coloration as adults. This study examines the ecological and behavioural relationships between A. pyroferus and one of its models, Centropyge vroliki, in Papua New Guinea. Surgeonfish underwent a transition from the juvenile (mimetic) coloration to the adult (non-mimetic) coloration when they reached the maximum size of the angelfish. As typical of mimic model relationships, mimic surgeonfish were always less abundant than their model. Spatial variation in the abundance of mimics was correlated with models, while the abundance of adults was not. We show that juvenile surgeonfish gain a foraging advantage by mimicking the angelfish. Mimic surgeonfish were always found within 1-2 m of a similar-sized individual of C vroliki with which they spent c. 10% of their time in close association. When in association with angelfish, juvenile surgeonfish exhibited an increase of c. 10% in the amount of time spent feeding compared to when they were alone. This foraging benefit seems to be explained by reduced aggression by the territorial damselfish Plectroglyphidon lacrymatus, which dominates the reef crest habitat. While adult A. pyroferus and all other surgeonfish were aggressively displaced from damselfish territories, mimic surgeonfish and their models were attacked less frequently and were not always displaced. Stomach contents analysis showed that the diet of C. vroliki differed substantially from P lacrymatus, while that of A. pyroferus was more similar to the damselfish. We hypothesize that mimics deceive damselfish as to their diet in order to gain access to food supplies in defended areas.