Antiprotozoal screening of traditional medicinal plants: evaluation of crude extract of Psoralea corylifolia against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in goldfish
Antiprotozoal screening of traditional medicinal plants: evaluation of crude extract of Psoralea corylifolia against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in goldfish
复制标题
传统药用植物抗原虫筛选：补骨脂粗提物对金鱼多子鱼霉的作用评价
DOI：
10.1007/s00436-013-3397-0
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Wang, Gaoxue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ling, Fei;Lu, Cheng;Wang, Gaoxue
多丝鱼是一种外部原生动物寄生虫，可侵染几乎所有淡水鱼物种，对水产养殖业造成重大经济损失。自从孔雀石绿的使用被禁止以来，控制多丝虫感染的有效替代策略相对较少。本研究在前期研究的基础上，筛选潜在的抗寄生虫药用植物，并对所选植物提取物的体内外抗ICH活性进行综合评价。筛选结果表明，补骨脂的甲醇提取物具有最高的抑菌活性。体内试验表明，1.25 mg/L或以上浓度的紫云英甲醇提取物作用4h内致死率为100%，随后的体外试验表明，紫云英甲醇提取物对初侵染的最低防效浓度为2.50 mg/L。存活试验表明，紫云英甲醇提取物对包囊番茄的感受性较小，5.00 mg/L浓度的紫云杉甲醇提取物对原生和包囊番茄的杀灭率分别为100%和88.89%。原生或包囊番茄经2.50 mg/L的紫云英甲醇提取物处理12h后，包囊番茄萌发的致病菌感染水平明显高于其他组。结果表明，原生单胞菌是否完成包膜对原生单胞菌的存活、繁殖和致病能力具有重要影响。此外，长时间(24 H)和高浓度(5.00 mg/L)的染毒显著降低了经浸泡处理后的多毛异体鱼的存活和繁殖，表明紫云英甲醇提取物对原位多毛异体幼体具有潜在的有害作用。
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (also called "ich") is an external protozoan parasite that may infest almost all freshwater fish species and caused significant economic damage to the aquaculture industry. Since the use of malachite green was banned, there have been relatively few effective alternative strategies for controlling I. multifiliis infections. The present study was designed to screen potential antiparasitic medicinal plants based on our previous studies, and comprehensively evaluate in vitro and in vivo anti-ich activity of selected plant extracts. The screening results showed that the methanol extract of Psoralea corylifolia had the highest activity against I. multifiliis theronts. In vivo theront trials demonstrated that 1.25 mg/L or more concentrations of P. corylifolia methanol extract caused 100 % mortality during the 4-h exposure period, and the subsequent in vitro trials indicated that the minimum concentration of P. corylifolia methanol extract that prevented the initial infestation was 2.50 mg/L. Protomonts and encysted tomonts surviving trials suggested that encysted tomonts were less susceptible to P. corylifolia methanol extract than protomonts, and the methanol extract of P. corylifolia at a concentration of 5.00 mg/L could kill 100 % of protomonts and 88.89 % of encysted tomonts. It was also observed that after 12-h exposure of protomonts or encysted tomonts to 2.50 mg/L of P. corylifolia methanol extract, the theronts emerged from encysted tomonts led to more infection level than the ones in the other groups. The results suggested that whether the protomonts finish encystment is crucial to the survival, reproduction, and theronts infectivity. In addition, our results showed that long duration (24 h) and high concentration (5.00 mg/L) significantly reduced the survival and reproduction of I. multifiliis tomont exited from the fish after in-bath treatment, and it is indicated that P. corylifolia methanol extract had a potential detrimental effect on I. multifiliis trophont in situ.