A Modeling Study of the Effect of Gravity on Airflow Distribution and Particle Deposition in the Lung
A Modeling Study of the Effect of Gravity on Airflow Distribution and Particle Deposition in the Lung
复制标题
重力对肺部气流分布和颗粒沉积影响的建模研究
DOI：
10.1080/08958370600602009
复制
发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
G. Oberdörster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Asgharian;O. Price;G. Oberdörster
由于火或烟的热降解而产生的微粒（如可能发生在航天器上的微粒）的吸入是航天国家的主要健康问题。需要了解不同重力环境下的肺气流和颗粒输送，以通过提供颗粒沉积信息来解决这一问题。重力以两种方式影响颗粒在肺中的沉积。首先，在不同的重力环境下，气道之间的气流分布发生变化。第二，随着重力的增加，沉降造成的颗粒损失增加。在这项研究中，一个模型的气流分布在肺部，占重力的影响，用于在人体肺部的颗粒沉积的数学描述，以计算在不同的重力环境中的颗粒的肺叶，区域和局部沉积。数学模型中使用的肺几何结构包含五个肺叶，允许评估肺叶通气分布和颗粒沉积的变化。在零重力下，预测所有肺叶均匀地膨胀和收缩，与身体位置无关。在直立位置增加重力会增加上叶的扩张，减少下叶的扩张。尽管随着重力的降低，上叶中超细颗粒的预测沉积略有增加，但超细颗粒的沉积通常不受重力的影响。增加重力增加的预测沉积的细颗粒和粗颗粒在气管支气管区域，但导致减少或甚至消除沉积在肺泡区域的粗颗粒。这项研究的结果表明，现有的数学模型的粒子沉积在1 G可以扩展到不同的重力环境，通过简单地纠正重力常数。需要对未来空间任务的宇航员进行对照研究，以验证这些预测。
Inhalation of particles generated as a result of thermal degradation from fire or smoke, as may occur on spacecraft, is of major health concern to space-faring countries. Knowledge of lung airflow and particle transport under different gravity environments is required to addresses this concern by providing information on particle deposition. Gravity affects deposition of particles in the lung in two ways. First, the airflow distribution among airways is changed in different gravity environments. Second, particle losses by sedimentation are enhanced with increasing gravity. In this study, a model of airflow distribution in the lung that accounts for the influence of gravity was used for a mathematical description of particle deposition in the human lung to calculate lobar, regional, and local deposition of particles in different gravity environments. The lung geometry used in the mathematical model contained five lobes that allowed the assessment of lobar ventilation distribution and variation of particle deposition. At zero gravity, it was predicted that all lobes of the lung expanded and contracted uniformly, independent of body position. Increased gravity in the upright position increased the expansion of the upper lobes and decreased expansion of the lower lobes. Despite a slight increase in predicted deposition of ultrafine particles in the upper lobes with decreasing gravity, deposition of ultrafine particles was generally predicted to be unaffected by gravity. Increased gravity increased predicted deposition of fine and coarse particles in the tracheobronchial region, but that led to a reduction or even elimination of deposition in the alveolar region for coarse particles. The results from this study show that existing mathematical models of particle deposition at 1 G can be extended to different gravity environments by simply correcting for a gravity constant. Controlled studies in astronauts on future space missions are needed to validate these predictions.
DOI：
10.1016/0034-5687(85)90134-3
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
Respiration physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Nikiforov,AI;Schlesinger,RB
通讯作者：
Schlesinger,RB