Temporal and state abstractions for efficient learning, transfer, and composition in humans.
Temporal and state abstractions for efficient learning, transfer, and composition in humans.
复制标题
用于人类有效学习、迁移和组合的时间和状态抽象。
DOI:
10.1037/rev0000295
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发表时间:
2021-07
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Collins AGE
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xia L;Collins AGE
Humans use prior knowledge to efficiently solve novel tasks, but how they structure past knowledge during learning to enable such fast generalization is not well understood. We recently proposed that hierarchical state abstraction enabled generalization of simple one-step rules, by inferring context clusters for each rule. However, humans’ daily tasks are often temporally-extended, and necessitate more complex multi-step, hierarchically structured strategies. The options framework in hierarchical reinforcement learning provides a theoretical framework for representing such transferable strategies. Options are abstract multi-step policies, assembled from simpler one-step actions or other options, that can represent meaningful reusable strategies as temporal abstractions. We developed a novel sequential decision making protocol to test if humans learn and transfer multi-step options. In a series of four experiments, we found transfer effects at multiple hierarchical levels of abstraction that could not be explained by flat reinforcement learning models or hierarchical models lacking temporal abstraction. We extended the options framework to develop a quantitative model that blends temporal and state abstractions. Our model captures the transfer effects observed in human participants. Our results provide evidence that humans create and compose hierarchical options, and use them to explore in novel contexts, consequently transferring past knowledge and speeding up learning.
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影响因子:
5
作者:
Balleine, Bernard W.;Dezfouli, Amir;Doya, Kenji
通讯作者:
Doya, Kenji
影响因子:
3.4
作者:
Botvinick MM;Niv Y;Barto AG
通讯作者:
Barto AG
影响因子:
3.2
作者:
Collins, Anne G. E.
通讯作者:
Collins, Anne G. E.
影响因子:
5.4
作者:
BIEDERMAN, I
通讯作者:
BIEDERMAN, I
DOI:
10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07980.x
发表时间:
2012-04
期刊:
The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子:
--
作者:
Collins AG;Frank MJ
通讯作者:
Frank MJ