Integrating habitat- and species-based perspectives for wetland conservation in lowland agricultural landscapes
Integrating habitat- and species-based perspectives for wetland conservation in lowland agricultural landscapes
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DOI：
10.1007/s10531-019-01876-8
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发表时间：
2019-10
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
S. Guareschi;A. Laini;P. Viaroli;R. Bolpagni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Guareschi;A. Laini;P. Viaroli;R. Bolpagni
湿地是世界上最濒危的生态系统之一，有多种直接和间接的压力来源，特别是在人类改变的地区，如集约化的农业景观。养护管理和努力往往侧重于物种多样性和魅力分类群，但很少考虑栖息地。通过对意大利北部埃米利亚-罗马尼亚地区18个Natura 2000地点的107个永久湿地组成的复合体的重点调查，调查了受保护关注的栖息地的格局，并分析了与受威胁物种格局的一致性。湿地在形态、连通性、土地利用和管理方面具有特征，是生境聚集和丰富模式的驱动因素。我们的结果表明，栖息地和受威胁的类群(鸟类、哺乳动物、两栖动物、爬行动物、鱼类、无脊椎动物和植物)的分布和丰富度模式之间具有很强的一致性。因此，栖息地似乎是物种模式的有效替代品。与周长、环境异质性和水体存在有关的变量是与生境丰富度相关的最重要的变量。水生系统的存在(以水生表面占据湿地面积的百分比衡量)及其在水文网络中的位置主要与生境分布有关。低丰富度湿地(就生境而言)不具有互补性，因为没有支持新的生境类型。研究结果强调了湿地与由不同系统组成的宽阔水体周长的相关性，认为这是简化农业矩阵中生物多样性保护的关键。将基于生境和物种的观点结合起来似乎是一个很有前途的领域，可以提供一种快速评估工具，为湿地保护和评估获得有效的信息。
Wetlands are among the most endangered ecosystems worldwide with multiple direct and indirect stressors, especially in human-altered areas like intensive agricultural landscapes. Conservation management and efforts often focus on species diversity and charismatictaxa, but scarcely consider habitats. By focusing on a complex formed by 107 permanent wetlands at 18 Natura 2000 sites in the Emilia-Romagna region (northern Italy), the patterns of habitats of conservation concern were investigated and the concordance with threatened species patterns was analysed. Wetlands were characterised in terms of morphology, connectivity, land use and management as drivers of assemblage and richness patterns of habitats. Our results showed a strong concordance between the distribution and richness patterns of both habitats and threatenedtaxa(birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, fish, invertebrates, and plants). Thus, habitats seem an effective proxy of species patterns. The variables related with perimeter, environmental heterogeneity and presence of water bodies were the most important ones associated with habitat richness patterns. The presence of aquatic systems (measured as the percentage of wetland area occupied by an aquatic surface) and their position in the hydrographic network were associated mostly with habitats distribution. Low richness wetlands (in habitat terms) were not complementary as no new habitat types were supported. The results stressed the relevance of wetlands with wide water body perimeters composed of diverse systems as being key for biodiversity conservation in a simplified agricultural matrix. Integrating habitat- and species-based perspectives seems a promising field and may provide a rapid assessment tool to acquire effective information for wetlands conservation and assessment.