Risk factors for HIV-AIDS among youth in Cape Town, South Africa
Risk factors for HIV-AIDS among youth in Cape Town, South Africa
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DOI：
10.1007/s10461-005-1681-4
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Cain, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Simbayi, LC;Kalichman, SC;Cain, D
南非正处于毁灭性的艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行之中，大多数新的艾滋病毒感染发生在年轻人和青少年中。目前的研究调查了生活在南非黑人城镇的年轻人的危险行为和艾滋病毒危险因素。使用基于社区的街道拦截和基于设施的调查等外展方法，113 名男性和 115 名女性（年龄在 25 岁及以下）对一项匿名调查做出了回应。结果显示，男性（68%）和女性（56%）报告了与艾滋病毒相关的高危性行为。尽管人们对艾滋病毒传播的了解普遍较高，但有证据表明，人们对艾滋病的误解依然存在，特别是与艾滋病毒传播有关的神话。对于年轻男性来说，艾滋病毒危险因素与受教育年限较少、艾滋病相关知识水平较低、安全套态度和吸食大麻有关。在年轻女性中，艾滋病毒危险因素与认为安全套妨碍性行为以及无保护阴道性交的比例有关。尽管南非青年有足够的艾滋病一般知识和风险意识，但其性行为发生率很高，使他们面临感染艾滋病毒的风险。迫切需要针对生活在经济最贫困地区的南非年轻人进行行为干预。
South Africa is in the midst of a devastating HIV-AIDS epidemic and most new HIV infections occur among young adults and adolescents. The current study examined risk behaviors and HIV risk factors among young people living in a Black South African township. Using community-based outreach methods of street intercept and facility-based surveying, 113 men and 115 women age 25 and younger responded to an anonymous survey. Results showed that men (68%) and women (56%) reported HIV-related high risk sexual behaviors. Although knowledge about HIV transmission was generally high, there was evidence that misconceptions about AIDS persist, particularly myths related to HIV transmission. For young men, HIV risk factors were associated with fewer years of education, lower levels of AIDS-related knowledge, condom attitudes, and Dagga (marijuana) use. Among young women, HIV risk factors were associated with beliefs that condoms get in the way of sex and rates of unprotected vaginal intercourse. Despite adequate general AIDS knowledge and risk sensitization, South African youth demonstrated high rates of sexual practices that place them at risk for HIV infection. There is an urgent need for behavioral interventions targeted to young South Africans living in the most economically disadvantaged areas.