FDTD modeling of a novel ELF radar for major oil deposits using a three-dimensional geodesic grid of the earth-ionosphere waveguide
FDTD modeling of a novel ELF radar for major oil deposits using a three-dimensional geodesic grid of the earth-ionosphere waveguide
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/tap.2006.875504
复制
发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Taflove, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simpson, JJ;Heikes, RP;Taflove, A
本文首次应用优化的测地线三维(3-D)时域有限差分(FDTD)网格来模拟脉冲、极低频(ELF)电磁波在整个地球电离层空腔内的传播。这个新模型补充了我们之前报道的有效的3-D经纬度网格，除了少量的固定数量的五边形单元外，完全由六边形单元组成。网格单元的面积和位置被优化，以产生相邻单元之间平滑变化的面积差，从而最大化数值收敛。这项技术从海平面以下100公里延伸到海拔100公里，可以适应任意水平和垂直的激发、电离层、岩石层和海洋的几何和电学不均匀/各向异性。我们首先通过将FDTD计算的白天ELF传播衰减与文献报道的数据进行比较来验证全球模型。然后，作为该网格的一个应用实例，我们展示了一种用于大型油气藏的新型ELF雷达。
This paper reports the first application of an optimized geodesic, three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) grid to model impulsive, extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic wave propagation within the entire Earth-ionosphere cavity. This new model, which complements our previously reported efficient 3-D latitude-longitude grid, is comprised entirely of hexagonal cells except for a small, fixed number of pentagonal cells. Grid-cell areas and locations are optimized to yield a smoothly varying area difference between adjacent cells, thereby maximizing numerical convergence. Extending from 100 km below sea level to an altitude of 100 km, this technique can accommodate arbitrary horizontal as well as vertical geometrical and electrical inhomogeneities/anisotropies of the excitation, ionosphere, lithosphere, and oceans. We first verify the global model by comparing the FDTD-calculated daytime ELF propagation attenuation with data reported in the literature. Then as one example application of this grid, we illustrate a novel ELF radar for major oil deposits.