Superparamagnetische Eisenoxidpartikel: Aktueller Stand und zukünftige Entwicklungen

Superparamagnetische Eisenoxidpartikel: Aktueller Stand und zukünftige Entwicklungen
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超顺磁性氧化颗粒:Aktueller Stand und zukünftige Entwicklungen

DOI:
10.1055/s-2003-39935
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发表时间:
2003
期刊:
RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der Bildgebenden Verfahren
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
B. Hamm
B. Hamm
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
M. Taupitz;S. Schmitz;B. Hamm

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在过去的15年中,超顺磁性氧化铁(SPIO)颗粒作为MRI造影剂的广泛应用已经出现。SPIO颗粒可以制造成具有不同的颗粒尺寸和表面涂层。大SPIO颗粒(50 - 150 nm)主要产生信号降低或T2缩短,并用作肝脏和脾脏MRI的造影剂。它们具有很高的准确性,尤其是在检测肝转移方面(批准用于临床用途:AMI-25(Endorem或Ferridex)、SHU-555 A(Resovist))。较小的颗粒(直径约20 nm)显示出不同的器官分布,并有可能改善无创淋巴结评估或表征易损动脉粥样硬化斑块(临床试验:AMI-227 [Sinerem或Combidex])。具有优化的T1弛豫率和延长的血管内循环时间的颗粒可用作MR血管造影术的血池造影剂。目前研究的适应症是躯干、外周血管和冠状动脉的MR血管造影(例如,SHU-555C(Supravist),VSOP-C184)。小SPIO颗粒的其他应用包括骨髓的MRI和肿瘤或其他组织(如心肌)中灌注参数的测定。具有改性包衣的SPIO颗粒可用于所谓的分子成像,例如受体导向成像、用于体内监测细胞迁移的细胞标记,干细胞标记和标记基因构建体用于基因治疗中的定位。在肿瘤治疗中,SPIO颗粒可用作热疗的介质。SPIO是一种功能强大的MR造影剂,具有从诊断成像到分子医学的多种应用。
A wide range of applications for superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles as contrast media for MRI has emerged over the last 15 years. SPIO particles can be manufactured with different particle sizes and surface coatings. Large SPIO particles (50 - 150 nm) predominantly produce a signal decrease or T 2 -shortening and are used as contrast media for MRI of the liver and spleen. They have a high accuracy, especially in detecting liver metastases (approved for clinical use: AMI-25 (Endorem or Ferridex), SHU-555A (Resovist)). Smaller particles (about 20nm in diameter) show a different organ distribution and have a potential for improving noninvasive lymph node assessment or characterizing vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques (in clinical trials: AMI-227 [Sinerem or Combidex]). Particles with an optimized T 1 -relaxivity and prolonged intravascular circulation time can be used as blood pool contrast media for MR angiography. The currently investigated indications are MR angiography of the trunk, peripheral vessels, and coronary arteries (e.g., SHU-555C (Supravist), VSOP-C184). Other applications of small SPIO particles include MRI of the bone marrow and the determination of perfusion parameters in tumors or other tissues like the myocardium. SPIO particles with a modified coat can be used in so-called molecular imaging, such as receptor-directed imaging, cell labeling for in-vivo monitoring of cell migration, e.g., stem cell labeling, and labeling of gene constructs for localization in genetic therapy. In tumor therapy SPIO particles can serve as mediators for hyperthermia. SPIO is a powerful MR contrast medium with manifold applications ranging from diagnostic imaging to molecular medicine.
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