Moving toward True Inclusion of Racial/Ethnic Minorities in Federally Funded Studies
Moving toward True Inclusion of Racial/Ethnic Minorities in Federally Funded Studies
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DOI：
10.1164/rccm.201410-1944pp
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Celedon, Juan C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burchard, Esteban G.;Oh, Sam S.;Celedon, Juan C.
1993年《国家卫生研究院振兴法案》的一个主要目标是确保将少数群体纳入临床研究。我们对1993年至2013年期间的文献进行了搜索，以检查已发表的肺部疾病研究，特别是NIH资助的研究是否充分代表了种族/少数民族。我们发现，在已发表的关于肺部疾病的临床研究中，少数民族的代表性明显不足。在过去的20年里，在所有由美国国立卫生研究院资助的已发表的呼吸系统疾病研究中，只有不到5%的报告将放射状或少数族裔群体的成员纳入其中(以网格、期刊标题和MEDLINE领域的形式)。尽管二次分析显示，NIH资助的研究中包括少数族裔的比例较大，但这一比例的增加主要是由于研究包括相对较少的少数族裔(这排除了强有力的种族或民族具体分析)。在NIH资助的研究中，少数群体的代表性不足或被排除在外，可能是由于多种原因，包括在设计和实施基于人口的少数群体研究方面没有足够的教育和培训，没有足够的动力或激励来克服在招募和保留足够数量的种族/少数民族成员方面的挑战，学术医学中心的呼吸系统科学家中少数群体的代表性不足，以及学术医学中心和代表性不足的社区之间缺乏成功的合作伙伴关系。这一问题可以通过实施短期、中期和长期战略来解决，例如制定激励措施开展少数群体研究，确保对侧重于少数群体的拨款申请进行全面审查，发展少数群体科学家的职业生涯，促进和评价所有背景的研究人员对少数群体的研究。
A key objective of the 1993 National Institutes of Health (NIH) Revitalization Act was to ensure inclusion of minorities in clinical research. We conducted a literature search for the period from 1993 to 2013 to examine whether racial/ethnic minorities are adequately represented in published research studies of pulmonary diseases, particularly NIH-funded studies. We found a Marked Underrepresentation of minorities in published clinical research on pulmonary diseases. Over the last 20 years; inclusion of members of radial or ethnic minority groups was reported (in MeSH terms, journal titles, and MEDLINE fields) in less than 5% of all NIH-funded published studies of respiratory diseases. Although a secondary analysis revealed that a larger proportion of NIH-funded studies included any minorities, this proportional increment mostly resulted from studies including relatively small numbers of minorities (which precludes robust race- or ethnic-specific analyses). Underrepresentation or exclusion of minorities from NIH-funded studies is likely due to multiple reasons, including insufficient education and training on designing and: implementing population-based studies of minorities, inadequate motivation or incentives to overcome challenges in the recruitment and retention of sufficient numbers of members of racial/ethnic minorities, underrepresentation of minorities among respiratory scientists in academic Medical centers, and a dearth of successful partnerships between academic medical centers and underrepresented communities. This problem could be remedied by implementing short-, medium-, and long-term strategies, such as creating incentives to conduct minority research, ensuring fait review of grant applications focusing on minorities, developing the careers of minority scientists, and facilitating and valuing research on minorities by investigators of all backgrounds.