Resisting Moralisation in Health Promotion
Resisting Moralisation in Health Promotion
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DOI：
10.1007/s10677-018-9941-3
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Brown, Rebecca C. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brown, Rebecca C. H.
促进健康的努力通常是为了鼓励人们放弃“不健康”的行为，采取“健康”的行为，以应对慢性疾病。行为改变干预的典型目标包括饮食、体育活动、吸烟和饮酒，有时被称为“生活方式行为”。在本文中，我讨论了如何努力提高人们对生活方式对健康的影响的认识，在寻求沟通（感知到的）人们需要改变他们的行为，可以促进“健康主义”的气氛，促进人们的生活方式的道德化。我首先总结了健康促进的最新趋势，并介绍了罗伯特·克劳福德（Robert Crawford）在20世纪80年代所描述的健康主义的概念。健康主义的一个方面是道德化，我概述了这一点（以及相关的术语道德主义），并建议通过提供信息和教育战略促进健康的努力加以促进。我认为，感知到的责任在调节人们对健康和行为的道德化倾向方面发挥了作用。由于我认为，各国应避免直接和间接地将人们与健康有关的行为道德化，因此这表明，各国必须谨慎使用表明责任的干预措施（包括宣传和教育运动）来促进健康。
Health promotion efforts are commonly directed towards encouraging people to discard 'unhealthy' and adopt 'healthy' behaviours in order to tackle chronic disease. Typical targets for behaviour change interventions include diet, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption, sometimes described as 'lifestyle behaviours.' In this paper, I discuss how efforts to raise awareness of the impact of lifestyles on health, in seeking to communicate the (perceived) need for people to change their behaviour, can contribute to a climate of 'healthism' and promote the moralisation of people's lifestyles. I begin by summarising recent trends in health promotion and introducing the notion of healthism, as described by Robert Crawford in the 1980s. One aspect of healthism is moralisation, which I outline (alongside the related term moralism) and suggest is facilitated by efforts to promote health via information provision and educational strategies. I propose that perceived responsibility plays a role in mediating the tendency to moralise about health and behaviour. Since I argue that states ought to avoid direct and indirect moralisation of people's health-related behaviour, this suggests states must be cautious with regard to the use of responsibility-indicating interventions (including informational and educational campaigns) to promote health.