Magnesium Alloys as Promising Degradable Implant Materials in Orthopaedic Research
Magnesium Alloys as Promising Degradable Implant Materials in Orthopaedic Research
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镁合金作为骨科研究中有前景的可降解植入材料
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
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通讯作者：
A. Meyer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Reifenrath;D. Bormann;A. Meyer
镁合金作为可降解植入材料近年来在骨科研究中受到了广泛关注（Witte et al., 2007; Xu et al., 2008; Zhang et al., 2010）。可吸收种植体材料的应用避免了种植体移除手术，从而有助于减少患者的费用和负担。与聚合物等其他可降解植入材料相比，镁合金具有更高的抗拉和抗压强度，杨氏模量接近骨皮质（Hofmann, 1995; Staiger et al., 2006; Kaese, 2002）。选择镁合金作为植入材料的另一个优势是，镁是人体的天然成分，而且在体内具有许多重要的功能（Hartwig, 2001）。镁被检测为无致敏性（Witte et al., 2007a），根据几项研究，它被认为可以刺激体外和体内的新骨形成（Revell et al., 2004; Zreitqat et al., 2002; Witte et al., 2007b）。作为承重骨的矫形植入材料，只有具有缓慢腐蚀速率的镁合金才有用。较高的腐蚀速率会导致气体的形成，机械稳定性的过快丧失和骨骼重塑活性的显著提高（Thomann等人，2009；Krause等人，2010）。除了不同的涂层设施（Witte等人，2009；Zhang等人，2010）和表面处理（von der Hoh等人，2006；Hanzi等人，2008），特别是铝、锂、稀土金属或钙的合金化降低了体外和体内的腐蚀速率（Kaese, 2002; Staiger, 2006； Hanzi等人，2008；Krause等人，2010；Thomann等人，2009）。然而，体内和体外腐蚀速率可能大不相同（Witte et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2010），这使得开发和适应镁合金用于生物医学用途变得更加困难。为了研究所选择的镁合金是否适合用于骨科应用，对兔胫骨进行了体内研究。将所选及体外检测的LAE442、WE43、MgCa0.8、AX30、ZEK100镁合金植入兔胫骨，考察其力学稳定性、体内腐蚀速率及生物相容性。为了对植入材料进行体内研究，我们将兔作为骨科应用的动物模型（Pearce, 2007）。所有动物实验均按照德国联邦福利立法在伦理委员会批准的协议下进行。每组5只。挤压销与2.5毫米在
Magnesium alloys as degradable implant materials in orthopaedic research received a lot of interest in recent years (Witte et al., 2007a; Xu et al., 2008; Zhang et al., 2010). The application of resorbable implant material avoids an implant removal surgery and therewith helps to diminish the costs and the burden for the patient. In comparison to other degradable implant materials like polymers, magnesium alloys excel in higher tensile and compressive strength and the young’s modulus is near to cortical bone (Hofmann, 1995; Staiger et al., 2006; Kaese, 2002). Another advantage that leads to the choice of magnesium alloys as implant material is the fact, that magnesium is a natural component of the body and furthermore has many important functions within the body (Hartwig, 2001). Magnesium is tested as non-allergenic (Witte et al., 2007a) and due to several studies it is assumed, that it stimulates new bone formation in vitro and in vivo (Revell et al., 2004; Zreitqat et al., 2002; Witte et al., 2007b). For the application as orthopedic implant material in weight bearing bones, only magnesium alloys with a slow corrosion rate are useful. A high corrosion rate results in gas formation, a too fast loss of mechanical stability and a considerably higher bone remodelling activity (Thomann et al., 2009; Krause et al., 2010). Beside to different coating facilities (Witte et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2010) and surface treatments (von der Hoh et al., 2006; Hanzi et al., 2008), in particular the alloying of aluminium, lithium, rare earth metals or calcium decrease the corrosion rate in vitro and in vivo (Kaese, 2002; Staiger, 2006; Hanzi et al., 2008; Krause et al., 2010; Thomann et al., 2009). However, in vivo and in vitro corrosion rates can be quite different (Witte et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2010), which makes it more difficult to develop and adapt magnesium alloys for biomedical use. In order to investigate if the chosen magnesium-alloys are suitable for the use in orthopedic applications, in vivo-studies in rabbit tibiae were conducted. Therefor the selected and in vitro examined magnesium alloys LAE442, WE43, MgCa0.8, AX30, ZEK100 were implanted into the rabbit tibia and examined with regard to the mechanical stability, the in vivo corrosion rate and the biocompatibility. For the in vivo investigation of the implant materials, the rabbit was used as established animal model for orthopaedic applications (Pearce, 2007). All animal experiments were conducted under an ethic committee approved protocol in accordance with German federal welfare legislation. Five rabbits were used for each group. Extruded pins with 2.5 mm in