THE TOXIN FROM GYMNODINIUM-VENEFICUM BALLANTINE
THE TOXIN FROM GYMNODINIUM-VENEFICUM BALLANTINE
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DOI：
10.1017/s0025315400017173
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发表时间：
1957-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
BALLANTINE, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ABBOTT, BC;BALLANTINE, D
从甲藻培养物中提取毒素的方法。描述了通过透析和减压蒸发来制备veneficum的方法。毒素分子不能穿透透析膜，溶于水和低级醇，但不溶于乙醚和氯仿。它在酸中也不稳定，变成另一种有毒产物，被热碱分解，但在中性溶液中稳定。这种毒素在海水中出现，与麻痹性贝类毒素不同。该毒素在各种动物中的作用进行了描述，并已开发出一种近似的生物测定使用虾虎鱼。还研究了对分离制剂的作用。对整个动物的作用部位在神经系统，可能是神经节传递。毒素使神经和肌肉膜去极化，可能是通过干扰Na交换机制，增加膜渗透性。
Methods of extraction of the toxin from cultures of the dinoflagellate G. veneficum by dialyses and evaporation under reduced pressure are described. The toxin molecule cannot penetrate a dialysis membrane, is soluble in water and the lower alcohols, but insoluble in ether and chloroform. It is also unstable in acids, turning into another toxic product, is decomposed by hot alkali, but is stable in neutral solution. The toxin as it occurs in seawater is different from paralytic shellfish poison. The action of the toxin in a variety of animals is described; and an approximate bio-assay has been developed using gobies. The action on isolated preparations was also studied. The site of action on whole animals is in the nervous system, probably on ganglionic transmission. The toxin depolarizes nerve and muscle membranes, probably by interference with the Na exchange mechanism, increasing membrane permeability.