The global abundance and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments
The global abundance and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments
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DOI：
10.4319/lo.2006.51.5.2388
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Middelburg, J. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Downing, J. A.;Prairie, Y. T.;Middelburg, J. J.
将静水生态系统纳入全球环境分析的主要障碍之一是关于湖泊、池塘和蓄水池的范围和大小分布的零碎数据。我们使用新的数据源，增强的空间分辨率和新的分析方法来提供全球地表水体丰度的新估计。基于帕累托分布的全球模型显示，全球天然湖泊的范围是以前已知的两倍（3.04亿个湖泊;面积420万平方公里），并且由数百万小于1平方公里的水体主导。根据大型工程水坝的库存对蓄水池进行的类似分析表明，蓄水沃茨覆盖约26万公里（2）。然而，低技术农场蓄水池的建设估计占全球农场面积的0.1%至6%，取决于降水量，目前全球范围内超过77，000 km（2）。总的来说，大约460万公里（2）的地球大陆“陆地”表面（> 3%）被水覆盖。这些分析强调了明确考虑湖泊，池塘和蓄水池，特别是小的，在全球分析率和过程的重要性。
One of the major impediments to the integration of lentic ecosystems into global environmental analyses has been fragmentary data on the extent and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments. We use new data sources, enhanced spatial resolution, and new analytical approaches to provide new estimates of the global abundance of surface-water bodies. A global model based on the Pareto distribution shows that the global extent of natural lakes is twice as large as previously known (304 million lakes; 4.2 million km(2) in area) and is dominated in area by millions of water bodies smaller than 1 km(2). Similar analyses of impoundments based on inventories of large, engineered dams show that impounded waters cover approximately 0.26 million km(2). However, construction of low-tech farm impoundments is estimated to be between 0.1% and 6% of farm area worldwide, dependent upon precipitation, and represents > 77,000 km(2) globally, at present. Overall, about 4.6 million km(2) of the earth's continental "land" surface (> 3%) is covered by water. These analyses underscore the importance of explicitly considering lakes, ponds, and impoundments, especially small ones, in global analyses of rates and processes.