Diversity of the snail-eating snakes Pareas (Serpentes, Pareatidae) from Taiwan
Diversity of the snail-eating snakes Pareas (Serpentes, Pareatidae) from Taiwan
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/zsc.12111
复制
发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Lin, Si-Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
You, Chung-Wei;Poyarkov, Nikolay A., Jr.;Lin, Si-Min
舌蛇科是一群以软体动物为食的蛇，广泛分布在东南亚。由于它们的饮食专门化，近亲哺乳动物的不对称牙列最近成为进化生物学中的一个有趣的问题。然而，对亲本亲本的系统发育关系和物种多样性的研究仍然很少。台湾共发现3种斑蝶，分别为P.formosanus （Van Denburgh 1909）、p.c ursus （Oshima 1910）和p.c omaii （Maki 1931）。然而，目前只有P.formosanus被认为是有效的物种。利用线粒体序列系统发育、核c-mos单倍型网络和多元形态计量学，对台湾、琉球及其邻近地区的帕雷亚人的分类地位进行了重新评价。这些证据线显示了台湾三种帕雷亚种共存的一致结果，具有显著的遗传和形态分化和不同程度的牙列不对称。目前使用的名称P.formosanus应该只适用于虹膜红色，下颌较短，背部鳞片完全光滑的蛇。对型型材料的检验表明，扁扁木应被视为台湾扁扁木的低级同义植物。Pareas komaii （Oshima 1910）被证实是一个有效的分类群，具有黄色的虹膜，细长的下颌和强烈的龙骨背。第三支的特征是黄色的虹膜，细长的下颌和弱龙骨背。尽管它们是同地发生的，但每一个被检查的个体从线粒体、核和形态标记上都显示出一致的分组，表明这三个进化支之间没有基因流动。在这里，我们将第三支描述为一个新种，Pareas atayal sp. nov。
Pareatidae are a group of mollusc-eating snakes widely distributed in South-eastern Asia. Due to their dietary specialization, the asymmetric dentition of pareatids has recently become an interesting issue in evolutionary biology. However, phylogenetic relationships and species diversity of pareatids are still poorly studied. A total of three Pareas species, P.formosanus (Van Denburgh 1909), P.compressus (Oshima 1910) and P.komaii (Maki 1931), have been reported for Taiwan. However, only P.formosanus is currently regarded as a valid species. Using mitochondrial sequence phylogeny, nuclear c-mos haplotype network, as well as multivariate morphometrics, we re-evaluated the taxonomic status of Pareas from Taiwan, the Ryukyus and adjacent regions. These lines of evidence showed congruent results for the coexistence of three Pareas species in Taiwan, with prominent genetic and morphological differentiation and differing level of dentition asymmetry. The currently used name P.formosanus should be applied only to the snakes with red iris, comparatively short lower jaw and totally smooth dorsal scales. An examination of the type material indicated that the name P.compressus should be regarded as a junior synonym of P.formosensis sensu stricto. Pareas komaii (Oshima 1910) is confirmed as a valid taxon with yellow iris, elongated lower jaw and strongly keeled dorsals. The third clade is characterized by a yellow iris, elongated lower jaw and weakly keeled dorsals. Despite their sympatric occurrence, every examined individual showed consistent grouping from mitochondrial, nuclear and morphological markers, indicating there is no gene flow among these three clades. Here, we describe the third clade as a new specie, Pareas atayal sp. nov.