Genetic and environmental influences on the stability of withdrawn behavior in children: A longitudinal, multi-informant twin study
Genetic and environmental influences on the stability of withdrawn behavior in children: A longitudinal, multi-informant twin study
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DOI：
10.1007/s10519-008-9213-4
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Boomsma, Dorret I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoekstra, Rosa A.;Bartels, Meike;Boomsma, Dorret I.
本研究采用纵向双胞胎设计，探讨了遗传和环境因素对儿童期退缩行为（WB）稳定性的影响。在双胞胎3岁、7岁、10岁和12岁时，从14,889个家庭中获得了儿童行为量表（CBCL）中退缩子量表的母亲和父亲评级。一个纵向的心理测量模型拟合的数据和适合的传输和共同因素模型进行了评价，为每个方差分量。WB在整个儿童期表现出相当大的稳定性，相关系数从9年时间间隔的0.30到较短时间间隔的0.65不等。由母亲和父亲观察到的WB的个体差异在很大程度上受到所有四个时间点的遗传效应的影响，在男孩（50-66%）和女孩（38-64%）中。共享的环境影响解释了一个小到适度的比例（0-24%）的方差在所有年龄段，并在女孩稍微更明显。非共享环境的影响是中等重要性的方差，并略有增加，从22-28%，在3岁到35-41%，在12岁。WB的稳定性在很大程度上是由遗传效应解释的，男孩占74%，女孩占65%。共享环境效应解释了7%（男孩）和17%（女孩）的行为稳定性。大多数共同的环境效应是共同的两个评分员，这表明评分员的偏见在评估WB的影响很小。共享的环境影响共同的两个评分者最好的描述了一个共同的因素模型，表明这些影响是稳定的，并在整个童年持续。非共享的环境影响占剩余的协方差随时间的推移。
We examined the contribution of genetic and environmental influences on the stability of withdrawn behavior (WB) in childhood using a longitudinal multiple rater twin design. Maternal and paternal ratings on the withdrawn subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were obtained from 14,889 families when the twins were 3, 7, 10 and 12 years old. A longitudinal psychometric model was fitted to the data and the fit of transmission and common factor models were evaluated for each variance component. WB showed considerable stability throughout childhood, with correlation coefficients ranging from about .30 for the 9-year time interval to .65 for shorter time intervals. Individual differences in WB as observed by the mother and the father were found to be largely influenced by genetic effects at all four time points, in both boys (50-66%) and girls (38-64%). Shared environmental influences explained a small to modest proportion (0-24%) of the variance at all ages and were slightly more pronounced in girls. Non-shared environmental influences were of moderate importance to the variance and slightly increased with age, from 22-28% at age 3 to 35-41% at age 12 years. The stability of WB was largely explained by genetic effects, accounting for 74% of stability in boys and 65% in girls. Shared environmental effects explained 7% (boys) and 17% (girls) of the behavioral stability. Most shared environmental effects were common to both raters, suggesting little influence of rater bias in the assessment of WB. The shared environmental effects common to both raters were best described by a common factor model, indicating that these effects are stable and persistent throughout childhood. Non-shared environmental effects accounted for the remaining covariance over time.