Breaking bugs: gut microbes metabolize dietary components and modulate vascular health.
Breaking bugs: gut microbes metabolize dietary components and modulate vascular health.
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DOI：
10.1080/10408398.2023.2251616
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发表时间：
2023-08
影响因子：
10.2
通讯作者：
Adhini Kuppuswamy Satheesh Babu;Harini Srinivasan;Pon Velayutham Anandh Babu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adhini Kuppuswamy Satheesh Babu;Harini Srinivasan;Pon Velayutham Anandh Babu
肠道微生物群通过产生微生物代谢产物调节宿主生理和病理生理。饮食是塑造微生物组的关键因素，肠道微生物通过产生有益或有害的饮食来源的微生物代谢产物与宿主相互作用。来自我们实验室和其他实验室的证据表明，饮食和肠道微生物之间的相互作用在调节血管健康方面起着关键作用。饮食来源的微生物代谢物，如短链脂肪酸和酚酸代谢物，改善血管健康，而氧化三甲胺和某些氨基酸来源的微生物代谢物损害血管系统。这些代谢物已被证明通过作用于多个靶点来调节血压、血管炎症和动脉粥样硬化。尽管如此，在这一领域的知识方面仍有很大差距。对于饮食衍生的代谢物的生产必不可少的微生物酶，食物基质在调节代谢物的生物利用度中的作用，以及代谢物和脉管系统中的生物分子之间的结构-活性关系在很大程度上是未知的。潜在的饮食衍生代谢物，以改善血管健康，可以通过未来的研究，调查之间的因果关系的饮食成分，肠道微生物，饮食衍生代谢物，血管健康，通过使用放射性标记的化合物，代谢组学，转录组学和蛋白质组学技术来确定。
Gut microbiota modulates host physiology and pathophysiology through the production of microbial metabolites. Diet is a crucial factor in shaping the microbiome, and gut microbes interact with the host by producing beneficial or detrimental diet-derived microbial metabolites. Evidence from our lab and others indicates that the interaction between diet and gut microbes plays a pivotal role in modulating vascular health. Diet-derived microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and metabolites of phenolic acids improve vascular health, whereas trimethylamine oxide and certain amino acid-derived microbial metabolites impair the vasculature. These metabolites have been shown to regulate blood pressure, vascular inflammation, and atherosclerosis by acting on multiple targets. Nonetheless, there are substantial gaps in knowledge within this field. The microbial enzymes essential for the production of diet-derived metabolites, the role of the food matrix in regulating the bioavailability of metabolites, and the structure-activity relationships between metabolites and biomolecules in the vasculature are largely unknown. Potential diet-derived metabolites to improve vascular health can be identified through future studies that investigate the causal relationship between dietary components, gut microbes, diet-derived metabolites, and vascular health by using radiolabeled compounds, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics techniques.