Race and ethnicity as variables in Nursing Research, 1952-2000
Race and ethnicity as variables in Nursing Research, 1952-2000
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DOI：
10.1097/00006199-200109000-00009
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Phillips, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drevdahl, D;Taylor, JY;Phillips, DA
背景：尽管过去 50 年来在研究中使用种族和族裔作为变量的情况有所增加，但这些术语的含义以及在科学探究中如何定义和确定这些术语仍存在混淆。目的：回顾护理研究文献中使用种族和族裔作为变量的情况。方法：对 1952 年、1955 年以及此后每 5 年直至 2000 年发表在《护理研究》上的原始研究文章进行回顾。对那些描述人类特征的文章 (N = 337) 进行了以下方面的内容分析：(a) 种族和民族术语的频率，(b) 用于种族和民族类别的词语，(c) 种族和民族术语的定义，以及 (d) 如何确定研究参与者的种族或民族。 结果：在 337 篇评论文章中，有 167 篇提到了种族和民族变量。这些变量使用了八十一个术语和短语。仅在五篇文章中定义了变量。种族和民族标签经常混合在一起，大多数研究没有提供有关如何对参与者的种族或民族进行分类的信息。此外，以白人以外的种族/族裔群体为样本大多数的研究数量增长相对较少。结论：种族和民族变量给护士研究人员带来了许多挑战。尽管种族和民族在护理研究文章中被广泛使用，但大多数论文中都没有定义这些类别，并且用于确定参与者种族或民族的方法也不清楚。为了建立对种族和民族类别的共同和一致的理解，护士研究人员应明确说明与其使用类别相关的基本原理以及特定种族和民族分类背后的假设。
Background: Although the use of race and ethnicity as variables in research has increased over the past five decades, there is confusion regarding the meaning of the terms, as well as how the words are defined and determined in scientific inquiry.Objective: To review the use of race and ethnicity as variables in nursing research literature.Methods: Original research articles published in Nursing Research in the years, 1952, 1955, and every 5 years thereafter through 2000 were reviewed. Those articles describing human characteristics (N = 337) were analyzed for content concerning: (a) frequency of racial and ethnic terms, (b) words used for racial and ethnic categories, (c) definitions of racial and ethnic terms, and (d) how a study participant's race or ethnicity was determined.Results: Racial and ethnic variables were mentioned in 167 of the 337 reviewed articles. Eighty-one terms and word phrases were used for these variables. In only five articles were the variables defined. Race and ethnic labels were often intermixed and the majority of studies provided no information about how categorization of the participant's race or ethnicity was made. In addition, there was relatively little growth in the number of studies that had racial/ethnic groups, other than Whites, as the majority of the sample.Conclusion: Racial and ethnic variables provide nurse researchers with many challenges. Although race and ethnicity were widely used in Nursing Research articles, the categories were not defined in the majority of papers, and methods used to determine a participant's race or ethnicity were unclear. In order to construct a common and consistent understanding of racial and ethnic categories, nurse researchers should be explicit regarding the rationale related to their use of the categories and the assumptions underlying particular racial and ethnic categorizations.