Child Abuse, Neural Structure, and Adolescent Psychopathology: A Longitudinal Study.
Child Abuse, Neural Structure, and Adolescent Psychopathology: A Longitudinal Study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2017.01.013
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发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Sheridan MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Busso DS;McLaughlin KA;Brueck S;Peverill M;Gold AL;Sheridan MA
虐待儿童对一系列心理健康结果产生有害影响。然而，介导这种关联的神经生物学机制仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们使用纵向设计前瞻性地识别青少年社区样本中虐待儿童与精神疾病之间关联的神经介质。获取了 51 名青少年（13-20 岁；M=16.96；SD=1.51）的结构磁共振成像 (MRI) 数据和心理健康评估，其中 19 名青少年遭受过身体虐待或性虐待。参与者接受了虐待暴露评估（时间 1），参加了 MRI 扫描和诊断性结构化访谈（时间 2），两年后进行了随访以评估精神病理学（时间 3）。我们研究了虐待儿童与神经结构之间的关联，并确定了与虐待相关的神经结构差异是否可以前瞻性地预测精神症状。虐待与内侧和外侧前额叶和颞叶区域的皮质厚度减少有关。左右海马旁回的厚度可预测反社会行为症状，颞中回的厚度可预测广泛性焦虑症的症状。左侧海马旁回的厚度介导了虐待与反社会行为的纵向关联。虐待儿童与皮质结构的广泛破坏有关，而这些破坏选择性地与内化和外化精神病理学的脆弱性增加相关。识别童年虐待后脆弱性的预测生物标志物可能会揭示将环境经历与精神病理学发病联系起来的神经发育机制。
Child abuse exerts a deleterious impact on a broad array of mental health outcomes. However, the neurobiological mechanisms that mediate this association remain poorly characterized. Here, we use a longitudinal design to prospectively identify neural mediators of the association between child abuse and psychiatric disorders in a community sample of adolescents. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and assessments of mental health were acquired for 51 adolescents (aged 13–20; M=16.96; SD=1.51), 19 of whom were exposed to physical or sexual abuse. Participants were assessed for abuse exposure (Time 1), participated in MRI scanning and a diagnostic structured interview (Time 2), and two years later were followed-up to assess psychopathology (Time 3). We examined associations between child abuse and neural structure, and identified whether abuse-related differences in neural structure prospectively predicted psychiatric symptoms. Abuse was associated with reduced cortical thickness in medial and lateral prefrontal and temporal lobe regions. Thickness of the left and right parahippocampal gyrus predicted antisocial behavior symptoms, and thickness of the middle temporal gyrus predicted symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. Thickness of the left parahippocampal gyrus mediated the longitudinal association of abuse with antisocial behavior. Child abuse is associated with widespread disruptions in cortical structure, and these disruptions are selectively associated with increased vulnerability to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Identifying predictive biomarkers of vulnerability following childhood maltreatment may uncover neurodevelopmental mechanisms linking environmental experience with the onset of psychopathology.