The influence of non-host predators on parasite-induced behavioral changes in a freshwater snail
The influence of non-host predators on parasite-induced behavioral changes in a freshwater snail
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DOI：
10.2307/3546773
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发表时间：
1998-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Levri, EP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levri, EP
寄生虫可以对宿主的行为产生显著的影响，从而增加寄生虫传播的可能性。诱导的行为类型通常会增加在生命周期中遇到下一个宿主的可能性。然而，非寄主捕食者也可以作为选择力的操纵策略的寄生虫。在这项研究中，我检查了新西兰鱼的日常觅食行为（Gobiomorphus cotidianus），并将其与蜗牛的觅食习惯联系起来先前的研究结果表明，Microphallus以石灰特异性的方式改变了蜗牛的行为：受感染的个体在岩石顶部觅食]吃到早上，当最后的宿主（水鸟）进食最多时，然后移动到岩石底部。由于水禽整天都在觅食（尽管速度较低），受感染的蜗牛移动到岩石底部是令人困惑的。在这里，我检查了在一天中不同时间收集的鱼的内脏。我发现鱼类主要在上午晚些时候到下午早些时候吃蜗牛，这与受感染的蜗牛移动到岩石底部的时间相对应。我还发现，从鱼内脏中取出的蜗牛比从总体人群中取出的蜗牛更不容易感染微阴茎虫。因此，看来由微阴茎引起的行为降低了受感染的蜗牛被不合适的宿主吃掉的可能性。
Parasites can have striking influences on their host's behavior that serve to increase the probability of parasite transmission. The type of behavior induced often increases the probability of an encounter with the next host in the life cycle. However non-host predators could also serve as selective forces on the manipulative strategy of the parasite. In this study, I examined the daily foraging behavior of a New Zealand fish (Gobiomorphus cotidianus), and related it to the foraging habits of a snail (Potamo pyrgus antipodarum) infected with the trematode Microphallus sp. Previous results have demonstrated that Microphallus alters the snails' behavior in a lime-specific manner: infected individuals forage on the top of rocks]ate into the morning, when the final host (waterfowl) is feeding most, and then move to the bottom of the rocks. Since waterfowl continue to forage (albeit at a lower rate) throughout the day, the infected snails movement to the bottom of the rocks is perplexing. Here I examined the gut contents of fish collected at different times of the day. I found that fish feed on snails predominantly in the late morning to early afternoon hours, which corresponds to the time that infected snails move to the bottom of the rocks. I also found that snails taken from fish guts are less likely to be infected by Microphallus than snails from the overall population. Thus it would appear that the behavior induced by Microphallus decreases the probability that an infected snail will be eaten by an unsuitable host.