The role of gender affirmation in psychological well-being among transgender women.
The role of gender affirmation in psychological well-being among transgender women.
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DOI：
10.1037/sgd0000171
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
在许多变性人妇女的样本中记录了心理困扰的高发生率，包括更严重的抑郁、较低的自尊和自杀念头，并被归因于高歧视和高暴力比率。根据性别平等框架，获得性别平等支持的来源可以抵消社会压迫的这种负面心理影响。然而，关于性别肯定如何以及哪些方面与心理健康有关的关键问题仍然没有得到回答。这项研究的目的是调查性别肯定的三个不同领域(心理、医学和社会)与参与者的心理健康报告之间的关系。573名有性工作经历的变性女性社区样本完成了一项一次性的自我报告调查，评估了人口统计特征、性别肯定和心理健康结果。在多变量模型中，我们发现，社会、心理和医学性别肯定是较低抑郁和较高自尊的显著预测因素，而没有肯定领域与自杀意念显著相关。调查结果表明，需要为变性妇女提供可获得和负担得起的过渡资源，以便提高本已脆弱的人口的生活质量。正如性别肯定框架所假定的那样，作为跨性别者的个人感受被肯定的体验是个体沿着性别肯定的多个维度对需要的主观感知的结果。因此，对性别肯定的个性化评估可能是为变性人妇女提供咨询和服务的一个有用组成部分。
High prevalence of psychological distress, including greater depression, lower self-esteem, and suicidal ideation, has been documented across numerous samples of transgender women and has been attributed to high rates of discrimination and violence. According to the gender affirmation framework, access to sources of gender-affirmative support can offset such negative psychological effects of social oppression. However, critical questions remain unanswered in regards to how and which aspects of gender affirmation are related to psychological well-being. The aims of this study were to investigate the associations between three discrete areas of gender affirmation (psychological, medical, and social) and participants’ reports of psychological well-being. A community sample of 573 transgender women with a history of sex work completed a one-time self-report survey that assessed demographic characteristics, gender affirmation, and mental health outcomes. In multivariate models, we found that social, psychological, and medical gender affirmation were significant predictors of lower depression and higher self-esteem while no domains of affirmation were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Findings support the need for accessible and affordable transitioning resources for transgender women in order to promote better quality of life among an already vulnerable population. As the gender affirmation framework posits, the personal experience of feeling affirmed as a transgender person results from individuals’ subjective perceptions of need along multiple dimensions of gender affirmation. Personalized assessment of gender affirmation may thus be a useful component of counseling and service provision for transgender women.