ON THE DECREASE OF ENTROPY IN A THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM BY THE INTERVENTION OF INTELLIGENT BEINGS
ON THE DECREASE OF ENTROPY IN A THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM BY THE INTERVENTION OF INTELLIGENT BEINGS
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DOI：
10.1002/bs.3830090402
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发表时间：
1964-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
SZILARD, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SZILARD, L
调查的目的是找到明显允许建造第二类永动机的条件，如果一个人允许智能存在干预热力学系统的话。当这些生物进行测量时，它们使系统的行为方式与机械系统自身的行为方式截然不同。我们证明，这是一种记忆能力，由一个发生测量的系统表现出来，如果不是因为测量本身必然伴随着熵的产生，它可能会导致熵的永久减少，从而违反热力学第二定律。首先，我们从第二定律意义上的完全补偿的假设(方程[L])出发，相当一般地计算这种熵的产生。其次，通过使用能够进行测量的无生命设备--然而在连续的熵产生下--我们将计算
The objective of the investigation is to find the conditions which apparently allow the construction of a perpetual-motion machine of the second kind, if one permits an intelligent being to intervene in a thermodynamic system. When such beings make measurements, they make the system behave in a manner distinctly different from the way a mechanical system behaves when left to itself. We show that it is a sort of a memory faculty, manifested by a system where measurements occur, that might cause a permanent decrease of entropy and thus a violation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, were it not for the fact that the measurements themselves are necessarily accompanied by a production of entropy. At first we calculate this production of entropy quite generally from the postulate that full compensation is made in the sense of the Second Law (Equation [l]). Second, by using an inanimate device able to make measurements-however under continual entropy production-we shall calculate the