DRAM-Based Intrinsic Physically Unclonable Functions for System-Level Security and Authentication
DRAM-Based Intrinsic Physically Unclonable Functions for System-Level Security and Authentication
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DOI：
10.1109/tvlsi.2016.2606658
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Fatemeh Tehranipoor;Nima Karimian;Wei Yan;J. Chandy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fatemeh Tehranipoor;Nima Karimian;Wei Yan;J. Chandy
物理不可克隆函数 (PUF) 是产生随机位串的不可逆概率函数。它实施起来很简单，但很难预测和模仿。 PUF 已被广泛提议作为安全原语来提供设备识别和身份验证。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的基于动态内存的 PUF [动态 RAM PUF (DRAM PUF)]，用于电子硬件系统的身份验证。 DRAM PUF 依赖于 DRAM 中的电容器在启动时初始化为随机值的事实。大多数 PUF 设计需要定制电路将独特的模拟特性转换为数字位，但使用我们的方法，不需要额外的电路即可实现可靠的 128 位 PUF。结果表明，与其他基于存储器的 PUF 电路（例如静态 RAM PUF）相比，所提出的 DRAM PUF 提供了大量的输入模式（挑战）。我们的 DRAM PUF 提供高度独特的 PUF，平均芯片间汉明距离为 0.4937。我们还提出了一种注册算法来获得高度可靠的结果，以生成 PUF 标识以实现系统级安全。该算法已在真实 DRAM 上通过实验设置进行验证，以测试不同的操作条件。
A physically unclonable function (PUF) is an irreversible probabilistic function that produces a random bit string. It is simple to implement but hard to predict and emulate. PUFs have been widely proposed as security primitives to provide device identification and authentication. In this paper, we propose a novel dynamic-memory-based PUF [dynamic RAM PUF (DRAM PUF)] for the authentication of electronic hardware systems. The DRAM PUF relies on the fact that the capacitor in the DRAM initializes to random values at startup time. Most PUF designs require custom circuits to convert unique analog characteristics into digital bits, but using our method, no extra circuitry is required to achieve a reliable 128-bit PUF. The results show that the proposed DRAM PUF provides a large number of input patterns (challenges) compared with other memory-based PUF circuits such as static RAM PUFs. Our DRAM PUFs provide highly unique PUFs with a 0.4937 average interdie Hamming distance. We also propose an enrollment algorithm to achieve highly reliable results to generate PUF identifications for system-level security. This algorithm has been validated on real DRAMs with an experimental setup to test different operating conditions.