Long Oskar Controls Mitochondrial Inheritance in Drosophila melanogaster
Long Oskar Controls Mitochondrial Inheritance in Drosophila melanogaster
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DOI：
10.1016/j.devcel.2016.11.004
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发表时间：
2016-12-05
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Lehmann, Ruth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hurd, Thomas Ryan;Herrmann, Beate;Lehmann, Ruth
遗传的mtDNA突变导致严重的人类疾病。在大多数物种中，线粒体是通过母体遗传的，其机制尚不清楚。具体控制种系线粒体遗传的基因是未知的。在这里，我们发现Oskar蛋白的长异构体调节黑腹果蝇线粒体的母体遗传。我们发现，在卵发生过程中，线粒体在卵母细胞后部积聚，同时卵母细胞细胞质的大量流动和搅动。通过一种依赖于动作蛋白的机制，长奥斯卡捕获并维持线粒体在原始生殖细胞（PGC）形成部位的后部。长奥斯卡突变强烈地减少了PGCs遗传的mtDNA分子的数量。因此，“长奥斯卡”确保了线粒体的生殖系遗传给下一代。这些结果为线粒体如何从母亲传递给后代，以及它们如何在极化细胞内定位和不对称分裂提供了分子洞察力。
Inherited mtDNA mutations cause severe human disease. In most species, mitochondria are inherited maternally through mechanisms that are poorly understood. Genes that specifically control the inheritance of mitochondria in the germline are unknown. Here, we show that the long isoform of the protein Oskar regulates the maternal inheritance of mitochondria in Drosophila melanogaster. We show that, during oogenesis, mitochondria accumulate at the oocyte posterior, concurrent with the bulk streaming and churning of the oocyte cytoplasm. Long Oskar traps and maintains mitochondria at the posterior at the site of primordial germ cell (PGC) formation through an actin-dependent mechanism. Mutating long oskar strongly reduces the number of mtDNA molecules inherited by PGCs. Therefore, Long Oskar ensures germline transmission of mitochondria to the next generation. These results provide molecular insight into how mitochondria are passed from mother to offspring, as well as how they are positioned and asymmetrically partitioned within polarized cells.