Regulation of cerebral blood flow.
Regulation of cerebral blood flow.
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DOI：
10.1155/2011/823525
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Britz G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peterson EC;Wang Z;Britz G
脑血流的控制是复杂的，只是刚刚开始被阐明。研究已经确定了三种关键的监管范式。第一种是脑压自动调节，在脑灌注压变化的情况下保持恒定的血流。流量-代谢耦合是指大脑改变血流量以匹配代谢活动的能力。血管周围神经的广泛阻断也有助于调节脑血流，即所谓的神经源性调节。这三种范式的核心是两种细胞类型：内皮细胞和星形胶质细胞。内皮产生几种与脑血流调节相关的血管活性因子：一氧化氮、内皮依赖性超极化因子、类二十烷和内皮素。星形细胞足直接与血管有关，在脑血流调节中起关键作用。最后，新的研究已经开始在微血管水平上研究细胞间的通讯。一些证据表明，较大的近端血管有能力协调下游的血管舒缩反应。
The control of cerebral blood flow is complex, and only beginning to be elucidated. Studies have identified three key regulatory paradigms. The first is cerebral pressure autoregulation, which maintains a constant flow in the face of changing cerebral perfusion pressure. Flow-metabolism coupling refers to the brains ability to vary blood flow to match metabolic activity. An extensive arborization of perivascular nerves also serves to modulate cerebral blood flow, so-called neurogenic regulation. Central to these three paradigms are two cell types: endothelium and astrocytes. The endothelium produces several vasoactive factors that are germane to the regulation of cerebral blood flow: nitric oxide, endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization factor, the eicosanoids, and the endothelins. Astrocytic foot processes directly abut the blood vessels, and play a key role in regulation of cerebral blood flow. Lastly, new research has been investigating cell-cell communication at the microvascular level. Several lines of evidence point to the ability of the larger proximal vessels to coordinate vasomotor responses downstream.