Defects of mitochondrial DNA replication.

Defects of mitochondrial DNA replication.
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DOI:
10.1177/0883073814537380
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发表时间:
2014-09
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Copeland WC
Copeland WC
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Copeland WC

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线粒体DNA(mtDNA)由DNA聚合酶γ与辅助蛋白如线粒体DNA解旋酶、单链DNA结合蛋白、拓扑异构酶和起始因子协同复制。线粒体DNA复制或核苷酸代谢的缺陷可导致线粒体遗传疾病,这是由于线粒体DNA缺失、点突变或耗尽,最终导致氧化磷酸化的丧失。这些遗传性疾病包括mtDNA缺失综合征,如Alpers或早期婴儿肝脑综合征,以及mtDNA缺失疾病,如进行性眼外肌麻痹、共济失调神经病或线粒体神经胃肠脑肌病。本文综述了导致线粒体DNA不稳定和线粒体疾病的mtDNA复制缺陷(POLG,POLG2,C10orf2和MGME 1)。
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is replicated by DNA polymerase γ in concert with accessory proteins such as the mitochondrial DNA helicase, single-stranded DNA binding protein, topoisomerase, and initiating factors. Defects in mtDNA replication or nucleotide metabolism can cause mitochondrial genetic diseases due to mtDNA deletions, point mutations, or depletion, which ultimately cause loss of oxidative phosphorylation. These genetic diseases include mtDNA depletion syndromes such as Alpers or early infantile hepatocerebral syndromes, and mtDNA deletion disorders, such as progressive external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia-neuropathy, or mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy. This review focuses on our current knowledge of genetic defects of mtDNA replication (POLG, POLG2, C10orf2, and MGME1) that cause instability of mtDNA and mitochondrial disease.
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